Help
Options
Question
What is the most dependable water source
click to flip
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Question
What can cause a failure or reduction in water supply volume or pressure from hydrants
Remaining cards (101)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
FF Chapter 13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the most dependable water source | Fire hydrant |
| What can cause a failure or reduction in water supply volume or pressure from hydrants | Damaged hydrant valves, connections, water mains Demand on system is to high for capabilities Dead end hydrant Closed isolation valve Restricted mains Frozen pipes/hydrants |
| What are fire hydrant bonnets, barrels, and foot pieces made of generally | Cast iron |
| What are hydrants interior parts usually made of | Bronze |
| What can valve facings be made of | Rubber Leather Composite materials |
| When are a hydrants discharge outlets considered standard | At least one large outlet 4-4.5 inch diameter Two hose outlets 2.5 inch diameter |
| What do hydrants specific involving a valve opening for standard three way hydrants | A 5 inch opening |
| What specification does a hydrant have involving the connection to the water main for a standard three way hydrant | 6 inch connection |
| What NFPA standard sets standards on threads per inch for fire hydrant connections | NFPA 1963 |
| What actions should be taken when a hydrant is taken out of service | Place out of service tag or device in hydrant Notify fire personnel of OOS Notify hydrant repair personnel |
| What has happend if water is seen bubbling up out of the ground at the base of a dry hydrant when it is fully open | There is a broken component in the hydrant barrel |
| What are some reasons a hydrant can be out of service | Damage to hydrant, water system, or pump supporting it Repairs or upgrades on the water system Obstructions places within hydrant Frozen hydrant |
| What are examples of fire hydrant connection tools | Spanner wrenches Hydrant wrench Rubber mallet Gate valve Hydrant valve |
| What are the four main functions of a hydrant valve | Allow additional hoselines to be laid to the hydrant Connect a supply pumper Boost the pressure in the original supply line Allow original supply line to be connected and chargedearly |
| How often should a hydrant be inspected and or operated | At least once a year |
| What should be done to prevent damage to fire hose, hydrants, and other equipment or firefighters | Open and close hydrants slowly |
| What can happen if you open a hydrant to fast | Hose lines flail uncontrollably |
| What can happen if you close a hydrant to fast | Surge of pressure to water supply system which can damage water supply equipment and lines |
| What should be felt if the hydrant is draining | A slight vacuum in the hydrant |
| What NFPA standard involves specifications for rural water supply operations | NFPA 1142 |
| What is a static water supply source | Source of water that can be accessed through drafting |
| What are some examples of a static water supply source | Lakes and ponds Rivers and streams Swimming pool Any other agricultural tank Portable water tanks |
| What is an intake strainer designed to do | Keep debris from entering the apparatus or pump |
| How should I take strainers sit in water | Off of the bottom |
| What are the three key components to water shuttle operations | Dump site at fire Fill site at water source Mobile water supply apparatus |
| What are the two types of portable tanks standardly used | Collapsible/folding tank Self supporting tank with a floating collar |
| What should be done before deploying a portable tanks | Put a tarp or salvage cover on the ground to prevent damage |
| Where should a drain be located on a portable tank when using them | On the downhill side and away from the drafting tank if possible |
| How can portable tanks be interconnected | Their drain fittings or a jet siphon |
| What are the four basic methods to unload water out of an apparatus | Gravity dumping Jet assist dumps Apparatus mounted pumps Combination |
| How should fill and dump site be arranged in an ideal situation | To allow the minimum amount of backing and maneuvering |
| What are the 3 things hose rollers are used for | Edge protection LDH drainage Hose collection |
| What do hose bridges/Ramps prevent | Damage to the hose from vehicles driving over them |
| What is the purpose of chafing blocks | Protect fire hose from abrasions from vibration or rubbing of hose on surfaces/objects |
| What is a secondary use for a hose bridge/ramp | A chaffing block |
| What is a hose appliance | Any hardware used with fire hose to control the flow of water and create pathways for water through hose lays |
| What are the 4 basic types of hose appliances | Valves Valve devices Fittings Intake strainers |
| When is a ball valve used | Pumper discharges Gated wyes |
| When is a ball valve opened or close | Opened when handle is in line with hose Closed when handle is out of line with hose |
| When is a butterfly valve used | Large pumper intakes |
| What does a butterfly valve use | Flat baffle that turns 90 degrees |
| When is a clapper valve used | Siamese appliances FDC’s |
| What does a clapper allow | Water to flow in one direction only |
| What is a gate valve used for | Control the flow from a hydrant |
| How does a gate valve work | A baffle is lowered into the path of the water by turning a screw type handle |
| What does a wye appliance do | Divides a single hoseline into two or more lines |
| How is a wye appliance configured | One female inlet Multiple male outlets |
| What is the purpose of a Siamese appliance | Combine multiple line into one line |
| What does a Siamese appliance consist of | Two female inlets Center clapper or two clappers One male outlet |
| What does a water thief look like | A wye appliance but there is an inlet and outlet of matching size combined with smaller outlets that steak water from the main line |
| What does a large diameter hose appliance do | Allow water to be distributed at points along the main supply line |
| What does an LDH manifold typically consist of | One LDH inlet Three 2.5 inch valve controlled make outlets |
| What is the purpose of a fitting | Connect hose and outlets of different diameter and thread types |
| What is an adapter | Fitting that connects hose couplings with similar threads and the same inner diameter |
| What is a reduced | Fitting used to connect a smaller diameter hose to a larger diameter hose |
| What can happen when a section of hoseline bursts | Water can stop flowing or water pressure can decrease |
| What is the quickest and easiest way to advance a charges hose line at ground level | Working line drag |
| What should yo I do when advancing a hoseline into a burning structure | Check/remove kinks Open nozzle fully Select desired pattern Personnel on same side of the hose Check for heat using TIC |
| What should be done when conditions allow for advancing a hoseline up a grade/level | Advance it uncharged |
| When ascending a stairwell where should excess hose be deployed | On the stairs to the floor above |
| When descending a stairwell where should excess hose be deployed | Outside the stairwell (hallway, room, landing) |
| What can be a cause of obstructed or out of service stand pipes | Construction Demolition Tampering Natural disaster |
| When can an outside stretch for improvising a standpipe be used | When going to lower level floors |
| What is a labor intensive task used in stairways that have an open shaft or stairwell in the center | Interior stairway stretch |
| What is the safest way to advance fire hose up a ladder | Uncharged |
| What factors can affect a hose stream | Velocity of water/ wind Flow rate of water Gravity Operating pressure Air friction Nozzle design Condition of nozzle opening |
| What determines the quantity of water flowing from a nozzle | Size of the nozzle opening Nozzle pressure |
| What does the size of the nozzle opening also effect | Reach/distance of a stream |
| Why are some reasons water is very valuable for fire extinguishment | Readily available Relatively inexpensive Has a great heat absorbing rate When converted to steam it absorbs more heat Can be applied in a variety of ways |
| How much does water expand at 212 degrees | 1700 times original volume |
| What stream of water has a smaller surface area and absorbs heat less efficiently | Solid stream |
| What effects waters ability to absorb heat | Surface area exposed to heat |
| What are the three main functions any nozzle performs | Controlling water flow Creating reach Shaping the hose stream |
| What are some characteristics of a smooth note nozzle | Operate at low pressure Less prone to clogging Can apply compressed air foam Can link easily due to low pressure Can’t change stream pattern |
| What are some characteristics of fog nozzles | Adjustable discharge patterns Provide protection with a wide fog pattern Can be used for a variety of applications Offer a variety of nozzle choices Can be used to apply certain types of foam |
| What are the four types of fog nozzles | Basic Constant gallonage Constant pressure Constant/select gallonage |
| What is a basic fog nozzle | Nozzle with an adjustable pattern that the rated/ideal discharge amount is give at a specific pressure |
| What is a constant gallonage fog nozzle | Nozzle with an adjustable pattern that discharges a specific amount no matter the pattern at a specified pressure |
| What is a constant pressure fog nozzle | Adjustable pattern nozzle that the pressure remains the same no matter the discharge rate |
| What is a constant/select gallonage fog nozzle | Adjustable pattern nozzle with a constant discharge rate that can be adjusted while flowing |
| When should nozzles be inspected | After each use and at least annually |
| What GPM is a low volume stream flowing | A stream with a discharge of less than 40 GPM |
| What GPM is a handline stream flowing | 40 to 350 |
| What GPM is a master stream flowing | Above 350 |
| What hose feeds a low volume stream | .75 to 1.5 inch hose |
| What hose feeds a handline stream | 1.5 to 3 inch house |
| What hose supplies a master stream | Two 2.5 inch hoses or 1 LDH hose upto 5 inches |
| What must effective hose stream meet or exceed | The critics flow rate |
| What must occur for a hose stream to qualified as effective | Steam does not lose its continuity until it reaches the point where it loses forward momentum Cohesive enough to maintain its original shape and required height |
| What can fog stream be used for | Hydraulic ventilation Vapor dispersion Expose maximum water surface area |
| What are some disadvantages of fog streams | Have shorter reach May disturb thermal layering May intensify the fire by pushing fresh air in More affected by wind |
| When are the times one firefighter controls a small hose line | Small NCF Vehicle fire Rekindle during overhaul Rubbish/trash fire Outbuilding fire |
| What is the minimum amount of firefighters required for handling hose interior | Two |
| When is the only time a single firefighter may be able to operate a large hoseline | During exposure protection or overhaul |
| What is friction loss | Total water pressure lost while forcing water through pipes, fittings, hose, and appliances |
| What conditions can increase friction loss | Rough linings of hose Sharp bends in hose Length of hose Damaged couplings Number of adapters Hose diameter |
| How is friction loss overcome or reduced | Increasing hose size Increasing pump pressure Adding parellel lines Removing kinks and bends |
| When are master stream usually deployed | When the fire is beyond the effectiveness of handlines or there is a need for hose streams in areas that are unsafe for firefighters |
| How should firefighters a a masterstream | So that it enters the structure at an upward angle |
| What can the accumulation of water cause in a structure | Added weight effecting structural integrity and collapse potential |
| After a master stream is placed what should happen with the firefighters that placed it | At least one firefighter should stay at the master stream unless in a dangerous area |
| What is a critical flow rate | Minimum flow rate at which extinguishment can be achieved |
Created by:
Kab731