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Diseases & Treatment
Medical terminology study
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acne | inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands that produces pimples on the skin |
| albinism | an inherited condition that prevents the normal production of melanin, resulting in extremely pale skin and white hair |
| alopecia | hair loss that results from genetics, normal aging, illness, or drugs used to treat certain diseases |
| burns | injuries to skin tissue caused by prolonged heat contact |
| first-degree burn | a skin burn characterized by superficial epidermal lesions; erythema, or redness; hyperesthesia, or increased sensitivity, especially to touch; and no blisters |
| second-degree burn | skin burn characterized by epidermal and dermal lesions, erythema, blisters, and hyperesthesia |
| third-degree burn | skin burn in which the epidermis and dermis are destroyed; this type of burn produces severe hyperesthesia or anesthesia (numbness), depending on the degree of nerve damage |
| ciatrix | a scar left by a healed wound |
| cyanosis | the appearance of a blue or purple discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to insufficient blood oxygen or poor circulation |
| ecchymosis | black-and-blue or purplish bruise caused by ruptured blood vessels beneath the skin |
| eczema | acute or chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema, itchiness, and edema, or swelling |
| gangrene | necrosis, or death, of tissue due to loss of blood supply, followed by bacterial infection |
| keloid | an abnormally raised, thickened scar |
| impetigo | bacterial infection of the skin characterized by vesicles; pustules; and crusted-over lesions |
| lesions, cancerous | an area of malignant tissue |
| basal cell carcinoma | commonly slow-growing, malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis; seldom metastasizes |
| kaposi's sarcoma | malignant cancer that causes erythematous or purplish patches in the lining of the mouth, nose, and throat or in other organs and tissues; a disease often seen in AIDS patients |
| malignant melanoma | cancerous growth composed of melanocytes; begins as an irregularly-shaped macule and then changes color and texture |
| squamous cell carcinoma | malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells of the epidermis |
| cyst | a closed, thick-walled sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material that develops in a cavity or other structure of the body |
| fissure | a groove or crack, as in a sore |
| macule | a small, flat, discolored (brownish or red) lesion on the skin; freckle |
| nevus | a highly pigmented lesion of the skin that is flat or raised; mole |
| nodule | a solid skin elevation larger than one centimeter in diameter; may develop in the epidermis, dermis, or subcutaneous layer |
| papule | a solid skin elevation with distinct borders and a diameter of less than one centimeter; pimple |
| polyp | a small, mushroom-like growth, typically benign, that extends from the surface of a mucous membrane |
| pustule | a small, infected skin elevation that contains pus; abscess |
| ulcer | an open sore or an erosion of the skin or lining of a mucous membrane |
| vesicle | a small, raised skin lesion filled with clear fluid; blister |
| wheal | a smooth, slightly swollen area that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin; a characteristic of hives |
| petechia | round, pinpoint spots on the skin caused by intradermal hemorrhage |
| psoriasis | a chronic disease marked by itchy, erythematous skin with silvery patches |
| purpura | a purple or brownish-red rash in which blood leaks from vessels into the skin or mucous membranes |
| scabies | a contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus |
| scleroderma | a chronic, progressive disease of the skin marked by hardening and shrinking of connective tissue, which causes edema or pain in the muscles or joints |
| systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) | a chronic, inflammatory disease of collagen in the skin, joints, and internal organs |
| tinea | skin infection caused by a fungus |
| ulticaria | hives with localized swelling and itching |
| varicose veins | veins that have a twisting appearance due to loss of elasticity |
| vitiligo | loss of pigment in one or more areas of the skin, creating the appearance of milky-white patches |
| wart | a small, hard, benign skin growth caused by a virus |
| allergy skin test | skin test used to identify allergies |
| scratch test | skin test in which the forearm is scratched with tiny needles and a variety of substances are applied to the skin to identify allergies |
| intradermal skin test | skin test in which different substances are injected into the skin to test for allergic reactions |
| biopsy | the removal of a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination |
| excisional biopsy | surgical removal of an entire lesion or tumor |
| incisional biopsy | incision into the tissue for removal of a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination |
| exfoliative cytology | biopsy procedure in which living tissue is scraped so it can be analyzed microscopically for bacteria |
| needle biopsy | biopsy procedure in which a hollow needle is used to remove a core sample of tissue for microscopic examination |
| punch biopsy | a biopsy done with a small, circular blade that rotates down through the epidermis and dermis and into the subcutaneous layer, producing a cylindrical core of tissue |
| autograft | surgical transfer of tissue from one part of a patient’s body to another part of the same body |
| blepharoplasty | plastic surgery of the eyelid; also known as a lid lift |
| cauterization | destruction of tissue through the application of heat, cold, or an electrical current |
| chemical peel | the use of chemicals to remove outer layers of the skin; common treatment for acne and wrinkle removal |
| cyrosurgery | destruction of abnormal tissue by freezing it with liquid nitrogen; common treatment for warts |
| currettage | removal of tissue by scraping the surface; a common treatment for removal of basal cell tumors |
| debridement | removal of damaged tissue and foreign debris to prevent infection and promote healing; common treatment for bedsores and burns |
| dermabrasion | the use of abrasive materials, such as brushes and sandpaper, to remove layers of skin |
| dermatoplasty | replacement of damaged skin with donor skin from a different region of the body; skin graft |
| incision and drainage I and D | procedure in which an incision is made through the skin to drain fluid or an abscess |
| laser therapy | the use of laser light waves to treat skin conditions |
| lipectomy | surgical removal of fat below the skin |
| liposuction | use of suction during surgery to remove fat below the skin |
| mohs surgery | surgical method of treating skin cancer |
| rhytidectomy | elimination of wrinkles through surgical removal of skin on the face; facelift |
| sclerotherapy | injection of a sclerosing medical solution, such as saline, into varicose veins or spider veins |
| anesthetic | drug that causes a reversible loss of sensation or pain; used to temporarily deaden pain |
| antibiotic | drug used to fight off or prevent infection |
| antifungal | drug used to fight off fungal infections, such as athlete’s foot and ringworm |
| antiprurtic | drug used to inhibit itching |
| antiviral | drug used to treat viral infections, such as herpes |
| biologic | drug derived from living organisms through molecular biology techniques |
| corticosteroid | drug used to treat skin conditions linked to autoimmune diseases, such as vasculitis, and inflammatory diseases, such as eczema and psoriasis |
| immunosuppresent | drug used to treat certain conditions by suppressing the immune system |
Created by:
natalieborrego