During peptide synthesis, a propetide maybe found in the __________.

endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory vesicle

The interaction between chemical messengers and their receptors is similar to the interaction between ___________.

substrates and enzymes, glucose and transport proteins in the cell membrane, and ions, and pore-type channels

Steroid hormones found in the human body are varied but the manner in which they act on target cells is quite similar, in that they have an affinity for binding sites located _________.

within in the cytosol, nuclear envelope, outside of the plasma membrane.

In which of the following are receptor and transduction mechanisms contained within the same protein?

Tyrosine kinases and fast ligand gated channels

Intracellular calcium levels are kept in the submicromolar range by which of the following mechanisms?

Active transport across the cell membrane and active transport into mitochondria, binding to cystolic proteins.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

The effects of lipophilic messengers are short-lived

Signal amplification can occur at the level of the ___________.

G protein, protein kinase, and second messenger

In contrast to fast ligand-gated channels, slow ligand-gated channels ______________--.

are directly linked to enzymes such as guanylate cyclase and interact with G proteins

Cox-2 inhibitors, such as Vioxx and Celebrax, ________________.

do not produce stomach upset like aspirin, because they do not inhibit PGE2 the way aspirin does, can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke, more specific than aspirin.

Up regulation allows a target cell to _________-.

increase the sensitivity of a target cell to a ligand.

When adenylate cyclase is activated _____________.

cAMP is formed by converting ATP to cAMP.

Lipophobic hormones ________.

bind to receptors inside the cytoplasm or nucleoplasm.

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Dynamic Study Module

Cell Signaling and Transduction

Question	Answer
During peptide synthesis, a propetide maybe found in the __________.	endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory vesicle
The interaction between chemical messengers and their receptors is similar to the interaction between ___________.	substrates and enzymes, glucose and transport proteins in the cell membrane, and ions, and pore-type channels
Steroid hormones found in the human body are varied but the manner in which they act on target cells is quite similar, in that they have an affinity for binding sites located _________.	within in the cytosol, nuclear envelope, outside of the plasma membrane.
The second messenger DAG is __________.	membrane bound.
The level of calcium in the cytosol can be raised by activating _________.	IP3 and phosphilipase C
In which of the following are receptor and transduction mechanisms contained within the same protein?	Tyrosine kinases and fast ligand gated channels
Intracellular calcium levels are kept in the submicromolar range by which of the following mechanisms?	Active transport across the cell membrane and active transport into mitochondria, binding to cystolic proteins.
Which of the following statements is FALSE?	The effects of lipophilic messengers are short-lived
Signal amplification can occur at the level of the ___________.	G protein, protein kinase, and second messenger
Lipophobic chemical messengers are also hydrophobic. The following choices all describe lipophobic chemical messengers except one. Identify the exception.	Secretion is by diffusion.
In contrast to fast ligand-gated channels, slow ligand-gated channels ______________--.	are directly linked to enzymes such as guanylate cyclase and interact with G proteins
Cox-2 inhibitors, such as Vioxx and Celebrax, ________________.	do not produce stomach upset like aspirin, because they do not inhibit PGE2 the way aspirin does, can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke, more specific than aspirin.
The cellular response to the second messenger cAMP can be inibited by activating _____________.	phospodiestrase and G protein.
Which of the organ systems listed below is known for producing more focused, direct, and the fastest responses for target cells?	Nervous System
Up regulation allows a target cell to _________-.	increase the sensitivity of a target cell to a ligand.
When adenylate cyclase is activated _____________.	cAMP is formed by converting ATP to cAMP.
An intracellular signaling molecule produced by the binding of a ligand to a membrane-bound receptor is called a ___________.	second messenger.
Lipophobic hormones ________.	bind to receptors inside the cytoplasm or nucleoplasm.

Created by: paigewebb12

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