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Intro economics
Key terms in new leaving cert economics
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Economics | Is a social science |
Social science | Studies human behaviour in different conditions |
Economic models | Are at the heart of economic theory. Modelling provides a template to help organise an economists thoughts. |
Economic data | Consists of facts gathered for economic reference or analysis,such as fhe amount of money that individuals earn,the amount of money that companies pay in tax or how much money governments owe to other countries. |
Percentage | To calculate a percentage we use the proportionate change in a quantity . |
Needs and wants | A need is immediate ,eg food and shelter which we need to survive. A want is anything in excess of needs that is not necessary for our survival,eg holiday or a new phone |
Average cost | This cost is calculated by dividing total cost by quantity. |
Capital | Anything manmade that assists in the production of wealth . |
Balance of trade | The difference between the value of visible exports and visible imports. |
Circular flow of income | The flow of receipts and expenditure between companies and households. |
Consumer | An individual who makes the decision whether to buy goods or services. |
Deflation | This happens when there is a general decrease in the average level of prices , which can be very damaging to an economy |
Demand | The number of units of goods a consumer wants to buy at various prices. Consumers demand goods and services to satisfy their needs and wants . |
Devaluation | The decrease in the value of one currency relative to that of other currencies. |
Opportunity cost | Is the cost of foregone alternatives (choice). |
Markets | Exist where buyers and sellers meet to exchange goods and services. |
Margin | Is the change in a variable caused by an increase of one unit of another variable |
Land | Anything provided by naturÄ™ that help in the production of wealth eg. Sea, fields etc |
Labour | The Human effort involved in creating wealth eg. The deli assistant, farmer etc. |
Capital | Anything made by Humans that assists in the |