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electrolyte uni
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| intracellular fluid ICF is found in | the cells of the body |
| the componets of exteracellular fluid ecf include all | cerebrospinal fluid, blood plasma and lymph, interstitial fluid |
| the principal cation in intracellular fluid is | K, pottassium |
| when water is lost , but electrolytes are | retained, osmosis moves water from the ICF to the ECF |
| When alrge amounts of pure water are consumed | osmmolarities of the two compartments are slightly lower |
| consuming a meal high in salt | will result in a temporary increase in blood volume |
| antidiuretic hormone | stimuleates water conservation by the kidneys |
| aldosterone | promotes sodium retention in the kidneys |
| atrial natriuretic pepetide does all fo the foollwing expect that it blcoks the realase of glucocorticoiuds during the stress response it does.... | reduce thrist , blcok the relaese of aldosterone , blcok the release of ADH , and promote diuresis |
| when the elvel of sodium ion in exteracellular fluid decreases, | there is an increase in the hlevel of aldosterone |
| when the amount of sodium ion in extracellular fluid inceases | osmoreceptors are stimulated |
| excess potassium ion is elimanated from teh body by | the kidneys |
| the amount of potassium secreted by the kidneys is regulated by | aldosterone |
| calcium reabsorption by the kidneys is promoted by the hormone | calcitrol |
| each of the following statements concering chloride ions is true except that | large amounts of chloride ions are lost each day in teh urine |
| the primary role of carbonic acid bicarbonate buffer system is to | prevent pH changes caused by organic and fixed acids |
| acidosis can cause all fo the following except | coma and death, but it can cause kidney failure , cardiac arrhythmias , heart failure , peripheral vasoconstriciton |
| hypoventilation would cause | respiratory acidosis |
| in response to resiratory alkolosis, the | body retains more carbon dioxide |
| prolonged vomiting can result in metabolic alkalosis | a |
| a persona with emphysema will exhibit signs of | respiratory acidosis |
| a person with chronic diabetes will exhibit signs of | metabolic acidosis |
| a mountain climber at high altitude may lose consciousness as the result of | respiratory alkalosis |
| a person who chronically consumes large amounts of antaacids to settle an upset stomach may risk | metabolic alkalosis |
| a person with nephritis ( an inflammation of the kidneys ) will show symptoms of | metabolic acidosis |
| to survive humans must maintain an ormal volume and composition of | plasma , body fluids , ecf and icf - all of the above |
| which hormone stimulates the thirst mechanism | ADH |
| water accounts for approximately ____ percent of the body weight in an adult male | 60 |
| all of the following are componets of ECF except | plasma, |
| which hormone plays a role in determining the reate of sodium aborption and potassium loss | aldosterone |
| exchange among subdivisions of ECF occurs primarily in the | capillaries |
| whcih hormone is released by cardiac muscle in response to abnormal stretching of the heart walls | natriuretic peptide |
| you are caring for a patient who has been vomiting and having diarrhea for the past five days you suspect that his electrolyte levels are | decreased |
| which hormone effect osmotic concentration | ADH |
| approxiately ___________liters of peritoneal fluid are produced and reabsorbed each day | 7 |
| the most common problems with electroyte balance are caused by an imbalance between gains and losses of\ | sodium ions |
| the higher the plasma concentration of aldosterone , the more efficiently the kidney will | conserve sodium ions |
| angiotensin II produces a coordinated elevation in the ECF wolume by | triggering the production and secretion of aldosterone , causing the release of ADH , stimulating thirst |
| Renal failure can result in | hyperkalemia |
| which of the following is greater | the amount of ADH released when blood osmolarity is high |
| secretion of potassium into the urine is | associated with teh reabsorption of sodium form the distal tubules and collecing ducts |
| Factors that increase the secretion of antidiuretic hormone influde all all of the following except | except increased concentration of K ions in the ICF , but do include ( water deprivation k increased Na concentration in ECF , decreased renal blood flow |
| dehydration will cause | increased thirst |
| in whcih case is the pH lower | afterhypoventilating |
| when the pH of the exteracellular fluid declines the | kidneys secrete more potassium ions |
| what effect would a decrease in pH have on the amount of potassium ions in the urine | a decrease in teh amouunt of potassium in the urine |
| in response to a rapid increase of organic acids in the body , you would expect to observe all of the following except | except decreased respiration rate ( but would, increased alveolar ventilation , decreased blood pH , increased rate , increased blood pressure |
Created by:
chjburns