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English 10 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Recalcitrant | Speaking of stubborn mules; derives from calcitrare meaning “to kick”; stubbornly resistant to authority |
| Obdurate | Connotes hardened against feelings or hard hearted; the Latin root means “to harden” |
| Fractious | Unruly; troublemaker; suggests an unwillingness to respect authority; “peevish”, “cranky” |
| Refractory | Stubbornly resistant to authority; the noun form “refractoriness” has to do with the bending of a sound or light wave |
| Intractable | Difficult to manage or govern; often apply to children or adults behaving as such |
| Obstreperous | To make noise against; make no bones about their obduracy; derives from the Latin word meaning “to make a noise against“ |
| Intransigent | Not to come to an agreement; stubbornly uncompromising |
| Dogged | Alluding to the personality of certain dog breeds meaning stubbornly persevering, often against all odds |
| Dogmatic | Stubbornly asserts an opinion that is unproven or unprovable; comes from the Greek word meaning “opinion” |
| Resolute | Bold and determined |
| Undaunted | Not discouraged or disheartened |
| Intrepid | Fearlessly brave |
| Audacity | Recklessly daring |
| Restive | Resist Control |
| Fortitude | Strength of mind to endure pain with courage |
| Brazen | Undergo adversity with bold self-assurance |
| Temerity | Foolish disregard for danger |
| Iconoclastic | Seeks overthrow authority |
| Cheeky | Impudently bold |
| Decorum | Pleasing “appropriateness” for any one social group |
| Finesse | Refinement and subtlety in a situation |
| Seemly | Appropriate behavior; accepted rules of conduct |
| Protocol | Code of expected social behavior |
| Gaffe | Awkward social blunder |
| Propriety | Observation of existing social norms |
| Boor | Socially clueless with rude or nonexistent manners |
| Churl | Bad disposition |
| Nuance | Subtle variation |
| Savoir faire | To know what to do |