Question 1

When explaining genetic coding to a group of students, the instructor discusses gene activation
and deactivation. It was stressed that inactivation of a gene requires which of the following
processes?

Accepted Answer

Methylation of histone amino acid

Question 2

When an infant is born with gene mutations in his cells, the nurse explains to the parents that
accidental errors may be a result of: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Loss of one or more base pairs
B) Substitution of one base pair for another

D) Rearrangement of the base pairs

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of genetic mutations?

Accepted Answer

Mutations may result from environmental agents.

Question 4

While explaining the individual differences in physical traits in the family group, the health care
provider states this is usually a result of:

Accepted Answer

SMALL DNA SEQUENCE VARIATIONS

Question 5

Which genetic disorders (body system) have a high requirement for oxidative metabolism
associated with mitochondrial DNA?

Accepted Answer

NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

Accepted Answer

mRNA provides the template for protein synthesis.

Question 7

When comparing and contrasting the various forms of RNA, the pathophysiology instructor
identifies that ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is unique in that it:

Accepted Answer

IS PRODUCED IN THE NUCLEOUS

Question 8

A physiology instructor asks the students about the purpose of the promoter region on a DNA
strand. Which student response is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Contains amino acids that the RNA polymerase recognized and binds to, thus
starting the replication process

Question 9

Splicing of mRNA during processing permits a cell to:

Accepted Answer

Form different proteins

Question 10

A genetic test result returns noting that the specimen (client) has inclusion bodies in the sample.
The health care provider can associate this result with the development of which pathologic
disease process? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer disease &&&
PARKINSONS

Question 11

Which of the following would be an example of gene expression? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Control of insulin expression so it gives a signal for blood glucose regulation

C) Increasing the amount of UV light exposure to end up with darker skin

Question 12

Identifying the genetic sex of a child is based on finding intracellular Barr bodies that consist of:

Accepted Answer

INACTIVE CHROMATIN MATERIAL

Question 13

Prenatal genetic testing that counts the number of Barr bodies in a chromosome is able to
determine:

Accepted Answer

GENETIC SEX OF A CHILD

Question 14

Crossing-over of chromatid segments during meiosis division 1 results in:

Accepted Answer

NEW GENE COMBINATION

Question 15

When discussing upcoming chromosome studies, a client asks, “What kind of sample are they
going to take to do these tests?” The nurse replies, “The most common cells used for this purpose are

Accepted Answer

Lymphocytes from a venous blood specimen.”

Question 16

While lecturing on inheritance patterns, a student asks, “My mother has blue eyes and my father
has brown eyes. All my siblings have brown eyes except me. How can this happen?” Which of
the following is the most accurate response?

Accepted Answer

Phenotypically, the brown-eyed persons are the same, but genotypically they are DIFFERENT

Question 17

The gene responsible for a particular congenital cardiac anomaly is said to have complete
penetrance. What are the clinical implications of this fact?

Accepted Answer

All the individuals who possess the gene will exhibit the anomaly.

Question 18

A pregnant female has been told she is a carrier for fragile X syndrome. She asks, “What does
that mean?” The health care provider explains that she is heterozygous for fragile X recessive
trait, but this will only be a problem if:

Accepted Answer

The expressed pairing becomes homozygous.

Question 19

A child with cystic fibrosis (CF) asks the nurse why he has this disease, but his parents are
perfectly healthy. The nurse explains:

Accepted Answer

Both parents are carriers and have a recessive genotype with alleles for CF.

Question 20

When discussing linkage studies, the instructor mentions that colorblindness is found in a small
section of the X chromosome and has been linked to development of which of the following
diseases? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

B) Hemophilia A
C) Adrenal hyperplasia

Question 21

cancer has been prescribed monoclonal antibodies as a treatment option. “What are you talking about? I've never heard of this treatment. Is it experimental?” The health care provider explains somatic cell hybridization to the client by explaining that:

Accepted Answer

Researchers inject mice with an antigen from human cancer cells. They then harvest the
antibody-producing cells from the mice and individually fuse them with a cancerous cell.

Question 22

From the following list, which medications have been developed utilizing recombinant DNA
technology? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Insulin, for clients with diabetes
C) Erythropoietin to help the body generate more RBCs
D) Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to dissolve a clot in the brain

Question 23

When a client with a kidney transplant develops graft versus host disease, a suicide gene transfer
can be accomplished by:

Accepted Answer

Infusion of donor lymphocytes

Question 24

Which of the following facts underlies the application of RNA interference in the treatment of DISEASE

Accepted Answer

Faulty gene activity that produces unwanted proteins can sometimes be stopped.

Question 25

Which of the following is an application of recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

PRODUCTION OF HUMAN INSULIN

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CHAPTER 5

MIDTERM Unit 1

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