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Senac_L4_VocaBox_01

VocaBox 01 of Senac Intensive Intermediate

Term	Definition	Exemple
spoiled	[adj] A kind of child who is allowed to do or have anything that it wants to, usually so that it expects to get everything it wants, and does not show respect to other people.	You're behaving like a spoiled brat!
party animal	someone who enjoys parties and party activities very much and goes to as many as possible.	Sarah's a real party animal - she likes to dance all night.
culture vulture	someone who is very interested in music, art, theatre, etc.	If you're a culture vulture, New York has everything you could want - opera, theatre, museums, and more.
bet	[v] to risk money on the result of an event or a competition, such as a horse race, in the hope of winning more money.	He regularly goes to the races and bets heavily.
cooker	[n] a large box-shaped device that is used to cook and heat food, either by putting the food inside or by putting it on the top.	a gas/electric cooker
cook	[n] someone who prepares and cooks food.	She's a wonderful cook.
stove	[n] a piece of kitchen equipment having a top for cooking food in containers placed over gas flames or circles of metal heated by electricity, and that usually has an oven below.	She got some eggs out and heated a pan on the stove.
educated	[adj] having learned a lot at school or university and having a good level of knowledge.	She was probably the most highly educated prime minister of this century.
polite	[adj] behaving in a way that is socially correct and shows understanding of and care for other people's feelings.	I'm afraid I wasn't very polite to her. She sent me a polite letter thanking me for my invitation. He was too polite to point out my mistake.
politely	[adv] (1) in a polite way. (2) without enthusiasm.	(1) He told them politely to leave him in peace. (2) he audience clapped politely.
politeness	[n] behaviour that is socially correct and shows understanding of and care for other people's feelings.	They asked how he was out of politeness, not because they really wanted to know. She smiled at the boy's politeness.
fluency	[n] the ability to speak or write a language easily, well, and quickly	One of the requirements of the job is fluency in two or more African languages. His time here is certainly improving his fluency.
accuracy	[adv] (1) the fact of being exact or correct (2) the ability to do something without making mistakes	Patricia has checked the reports and can vouch for the accuracy of the information.
accent	[n] the way in which people in a particular area, country, or social group pronounce words	He's got a strong southern/Boston accent. She's French but she speaks with an impeccable English accent. He speaks with a broad/heavy/strong/thick Yorkshire accent. I thought I could detect a slight Canadian accent.
accurate	[adj] correct, exact, and without any mistakes	Her novel is an accurate reflection of life in Spain. We hope to become more accurate in predicting earthquakes.
fluently	[adv] If you speak a language or read fluently, you speak or read easily, well, and quickly	He talked fluently and smiled easily. She speaks six languages fluently. Three-quarters of children were reading fluently by the end of second grade.
fluent	[adj] When a person is fluent, they can speak a language easily, well, and quickly	She was born in Italy but her English is fluent and idiomatic. I can make myself understood in French, but I'm not fluent.
abroad	[adv] in or to a foreign country or countries	He's currently abroad on business. We always go abroad in the summer. After her divorce she went to live abroad.
acquire	[v] (1) learn without needing to try hard, e.g. a language. (2) to get or buy something	(1) We acquired our second language as children (2) He has acquired a reputation for being difficult to work with.
split	[v] to (cause to) divide into two or more parts, especially along a particular line	The prize was split between Susan and Kate. The teacher split the children (up) into three groups.
chop	[v] to cut something into pieces with an axe, knife, or other sharp instrument	He was chopping wood in the yard. Peel the cucumber and chop it into small cubes.
medical leave	/*/ A "leave of absence", used when employees need to time off their full-time jobs for illness and medical appointments	Medical leave is different from sick leave (just the number of sick days a person is allotted to take and is usually paid). A medical leave of absence is a much longer commitment due to a serious health condition or family medical emergency.
housekeeper	[n] A person employed to perform cleaning and other domestic tasks in a hotel or institution	He is a bachelor so he might want to employ a housekeeper and a gardener, but that's up to him.
maid	[n] A female domestic servant.	Mary eventually managed to find a job as a maid
janitor	[n] A caretaker or doorkeeper of a building (in public places)	Fitzgerald himself worked as a janitor and doorman to help pay for college and Harvard Law School.
cleaner	[n] A person employed to clean the interior of a building	Companies use agencies to employ cleaners for their buildings.
handmaid	[n] A female servant (archaic)	The handmaids in Atwood's tale know only what they are told and are unaware of its subversive capabilities.
newcomer	[n] (1) A person who has recently arrived in a place (2) A novice in a particular activity or situation	Actually, several newcomers had arrived and made the castle their new home.
blind	[adj] Unable to see because of injury, disease, or a congenital condition.	he was blind in one eye
blindness	[n] (1) The state or condition of being unable to see because of injury, disease, or a congenital condition. (2) Lack of perception, awareness, or judgement; ignorance	(1) a leading cause of blindness in the elderly (2) his policy is based on willful blindness to economic reality
deaf	[adj] unable to hear, either completely or partly	I'm a bit deaf so you'll have to speak up. He's been totally/partially deaf since birth.
deafness	[n] the quality of being unable to hear, either completely or partly	Such tumours occur in one of the nerves in the brain and can lead to deafness in one ear
dumb	[adj] (1) permanently or temporarily unable to speak. (2) stupid	(1) He's been deaf and dumb since birth (2) Are they brave or just dumb?
dumbness	[n] (1) the quality of being unable to speak, either permanently ou temporarily (2) the quality of being stupid or lack of inteligence	(1) Six percent of all cases of dumbness are congenital (2) The massive amount of your dumbness hurts me
older	[adj] (1) comparative of old. The older of two people is the one who was born first. (2) having lived or existed longer; of greater age	(1) Aged twenty-eight, she was just eleven months older than Stephanie. (2) She looked as though she was in her mid-forties but Boyd later told Stephanie she was older.
elder	[adj] (1) comparative of old, the elder of two people is the one who was born first, esp members of the same family (2) In some societies, an elder is one of the respected older people who have influence and authority.	The relationship between the elder family members was not always hostile.
oldest	[adj] a superlative of old. The oldest person is the one who was born before all the others.	The oldest of the women was sixty-seven. Sometimes in warfare, the best ideas are also the oldest.
eldest	[adj] a superlative of old, The eldest person, esp. in a group or family, is the one who was born before all the others.	David was the eldest of three boys. The two eldest are already doing well at Kings Wood.
elderly	[n] old people considered as a group, everybody is over 65 years old	The city is building new housing for the elderly.
fiancé	[n] the man who someone is engaged to be married to	Have you met Christina's fiancé?
fianceé	[n] the woman who someone is engaged to be married to	I even bought a pearl necklace for my fiancée, Kate Tender, but she married somebody else instead.
groom	[n] a man who is about to get married or just got married	The bride and groom were posing for pictures.
bridge	[n] a woman who is about to get married or just got married	The bride and groom walked down the aisle together.
mentor	[n] An experienced and trusted adviser.	he was her friend and mentor until his death
mentee	[n] A person who is advised, trained, or counselled by a mentor.	A senior manager takes a personal interest in the development of a more junior employee, with a view to helping the mentee prepare for a more senior post.
wheel	[n] a circular object connected at the centre to a bar, used for making vehicles or parts of machines move	He lost control of his car when a front/rear wheel hit a rock as he approached the first bend.
crossbar	[n] a horizontal bar, either the part that forms the top of a goal, or the part of a bicycle between the seat and the handlebars	The value of the crossbar is that it is simple.
handlebars	[n] the bar along the front of a bicycle or motorcycle that a rider holds in order to balance and turn	I pointed out that mirrors normally fitted to handlebars do change their attitude but vibration is also a problem on motor-cycles.
seat	[n] a piece of furniture or part of a train, plane, bicycle, etc. that has been designed for someone to sit on	Please have/take a seat (= sit down).
pedal	[n] a small part of a machine or object that is pushed down with the foot to operate or move the machine or object	This sewing machine is operated by a foot pedal.
drive chain	[n] an endless chain with links that engage with toothed wheels in order to transmit power from one shaft to another in a engine or machine tool, e.g., a bicycle.	A hybrid car uses a gasoline engine in conjunction with an electric motor for its drive chain
wired	[adj] connected to a computer or other device by a wire or cable	I had to rely on access to a wired network connection with my laptop, which sometimes involved a long wait.
wireless	[adj] not needing wires or cables to make a connection or to communicate	They have a plan to link 9,700 office buildings to the Net via a high-speed wireless network.
discussion	[n] the action or process of talking about something, typically in order to reach a decision or to exchange ideas.	the proposals are not a blueprint but ideas for discussion
argument	[n] an exchange of diverging or opposite views, typically a heated or angry one.	I've had an argument with my father
fight	[n] a violent confrontation or struggle	we'll get into a fight and wind up with bloody noses
struggle	[n] conflit or contest	Ambulance chiefs today condemned a teenager who assaulted a senior paramedic and a policeman during a violent struggle in York.
wake	[v] emerge or cause to emerge from a state of sleep; stop sleeping.	she woke up feeling better
awake	[adj] not asleep.	the noise might keep you awake at nigh
tired	[adj] in need of sleep or rest; weary	Fisher rubbed his tired eyes
tiredness	[n] the state of wishing for sleep or rest	depression and tiredness caused by overwork
essay	[n] a short piece of writing on a particular subject.	Apart from the novels, Sundara Ramaswamy has written several short stories and essays on literary criticism.
stereotype	[n] a general and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing	the stereotype of the woman as the carer
taste	[n] the sensation of flavor perceived in the mouth and throat on contact with a substance. [v] perceive or experience the flavor of.	[n] the wine had a fruity taste [v] she had never tasted ice cream before
try	[v] make an attempt or effort to do something.	he tried to regain his breath
try (something) out	[v] test in order to find out how useful or effective it is or what it is like.	She knew I wanted to try the boat out at the weekend.
flavor	[n] the distinctive taste of a food or drink.	the yogurt comes in eight fruit flavors
even (number)	[adj] (of a number, such as 2, 6, or 108) divisible by two without a remainder.	The oblique case of an even number had to be put into the subject position so that standard arguments could be used.
odd (number)	[adj] (of whole numbers such as 3 and 5) having one left over as a remainder when divided by two.	If the number in the second column is odd , divide it by two and drop the remainder.
native	[adj] associated with the country, region, or circumstances of a person's birth.	he's a native New Yorke
pick up	[pv] (1) Become better; improve. (2) If you pick up something such as a skill or an idea, you acquire it without effort over a period of time.	(1) my luck's picked up (2) Where did you pick up your English?
multilingual	[adj] in or using several languages	This model, to a certain extent, has encouraged students to be multilingual in their ethnic language, Indonesian and English.
myths	[n] (1) a widely held but false belief or idea. (2) a traditional story, especially one concerning the early history of a people or explaining some natural or social phenomenon, and typically involving supernatural beings or events.	he wants to dispel the myth that sea kayaking is too risky or too strenuous
insight	[n] the capacity to gain an accurate and deep intuitive understanding of a person or thing.	the town offers some insight into Finnish rural life
set the table	[v] to prepare or arrange something (the table) for a particular purpose	The servant is setting the table
tug	[v] pull (something) hard an quickly, often several times	I'm tugging at my hair
pull at	[v] to move something towards you using force	I'm pulling at my clothes
toward	[prep] in the direction of	I walked toward the front door
push	[v] an act of exerting force on someone or something in order to move them forward or away from oneself.	he closed the door with a push
forward	[prep] toward the direction that is in front of you	he started up the engine and the car moved forward
drag	[v] pull (someone or something) along forcefully, roughly, or with difficulty.	we dragged the boat up the beach
along	[prep] from a one part of a way to another	soon we were driving along a narrow road
worth	[adj] having a particular value, especially in money	'Cause I know you're worth it
stare	[v] to look for a long time with the eyes wide open, especially when surprised, frightened, or thinking	I'm staring at my feet
upset	[adj] a state of being unhappy, disappointed, or worried.	Don't get upset about the dress - there's only a little stain on it.
slide	[v] to (cause to) move easily and without interruption over a surface	When I was little I used to like sliding on the polished floor in my socks.
slip	[v] to slide without intending to	Careful you don't slip - there's water on the floor.
stutter	[v] talk with continued involuntary repetition of sounds, especially initial consonants. [n] a tendency to stutter while speaking	the child was stuttering in fright
stammer	[v] speak with sudden involuntary pauses and a tendency to repeat the initial letters of words.	She stammered an apology and ran out of the room.
stumble	[v] to step awkwardly while walking or running and fall or begin to fall	Running along the beach, she stumbled on a log and fell on the sand.
knee	[n] the joint between the thigh and the lower leg in humans.	He will be out for the season after having an operation on his knee to repair cruciate ligaments
cheek	[n] either side of the face below the eye and between the mouth and the ear	tears rolled down her cheeks
handkerchief	[n] a square of cotton or other finely woven material, typically carried in one's pocket and intended for blowing or wiping one's nose.	He sits repeatedly wiping his nose on his handkerchief , and then spreading it out on his lap like a napkin.
look at	[v] to examine something. to direct your eyes towards someone or something so that you can see them	Did the doctor look at your knee?
look for	[v] to search for someone or something	Police were looking for clues as to the woman’s identity.
interviewer	[n] A person who interviews someone, especially as a job.	she took time to answer questions from radio interviewers
interviewee	[n] A person who is interviewed.	interviewees were asked to discuss their feelings about the interview
ATM	[n] A machine that dispenses cash or performs other banking services when an account holder inserts a bank card.	they tried to withdraw cash from an ATM using the stolen cards
dismiss	[v] (Formal) order or allow to leave; send away. When an employer dismisses an employee, the employer tells the employee that they are no longer needed to do the job that they have been doing.	she dismissed the taxi at the corner of the road. he military commander has been dismissed.
get fired	[v] (Informal) to dismiss someone from employment, usually because of bad discipline/work	She get fired
complain	[v] to say that something is wrong or that you are angry about something	The candidate complained about his last job.
avoid	[v] to stay away from a person or place	Don´t avoid eye contact in a interview.
shift	[n] (1) a period of work in a place such as a factory or hospital (2) a change in something	(1) My brother works 2 shifts a day (2) There has been a shift in public opinion on this matter.
ceiling	[n] The upper interior surface of a room or other similar compartment.	the books were stacked from floor to ceiling
following	[adj] next on time [prep] Coming after or as a result of	(1) the following day there was a ceremony in St Peter's Square (2)police are hunting for two men following a spate of robberies in the area
previous	[adj] Existing or occurring before in time or order.	she looked tired after her exertions of the previous evening
budget	[n] the amount of money that a person, organization, or country has available to spend on something.	Someone had furnished the place on a tight budget.
audition	[n] An interview for a role or job as a singer, actor, dancer, or musician, consisting of a practical demonstration if the candidate is good enough to be in a play, film, or orchestra.	the Royal Ballet gave Nicola an audition
stunt (man/woman)	[n] a man/woman whose job is to do dangerous things, either for publicity, or in a film instead of an actor so that the actor does not risk being injured.	During one scene a stunt man fell too heavily on the bonnet and smashed the front windscreen.
huge	[adj] enormous, extremely large in amount or degree.	She is a tiny little woman with huge black glasses.
counselor	[n] a person whose job is to give advice to people who need it, especially advice on their personal problems.	Children who have suffered like this should see a counselor experienced in bereavement.
résumé	[n] a document that describes your education and work experience.	I will leave with you a resumé.
catch	[v] intercept and hold (something that has been thrown, propelled, or dropped).	They catch my atention
biopic	[n] a biographical movie.	In the traditional gendered hierarchy of film genres, crime thrillers, biopics , historical dramas and gangster films are more prestigious than teen film, romantic comedy, contemporary melodrama and broad comedy
period drama	[n] a movie about a specific period of time in the past	In a period drama we can see people dressed up in old-fashioned costumes
docudrama	[n] a dramatized television movie based on real events.	The docudrama is a documentary made more interesting with some parts acted
slang	[n] very informal language that is usually spoken rather than written, used especially by particular groups of people.	"Chicken" is slang for someone who isn't very brave.
jargon	[n] special words and phrases that are used by particular groups of people, especially in their work	Thankfully, the author has made sure that these items are free of technical jargon and complex numerical tables.
homework	[n] schoolwork that a student is required to do at home.	Pupils can do their homework onscreen at school and file it electronically for marking.
housework	[n] regular work done in housekeeping, such as cleaning, shopping, and cooking.	There's only so much newsworthiness you can get out of laundry, cleaning, cooking, housework
fashionably	[adv] In a manner characteristic of, influenced by, or representing a current popular style or trend.	She'a ‘an elegant and fashionably dressed woman
jewelry	[n] personal ornaments, such as necklaces, rings, or bracelets, that are typically made from or contain jewels and precious metal.	she had silver hair and chunky gold jewelry
mother tongue	[n] the language that a person has grown up speaking from early childhood.	As a rule, interpreters are supposed to translate between their mother tongue and another language
to go along with	[pv] Consent or agree to (a person or proposal)	he will probably go along with the idea
to go for broke	[pv] Risk everything in an all-out effort. take the most extreme or risky of the possible courses of action in order to try and achieve success.	I decided to go for broke and turn professional and see how I got on
to get along	[pv] If you get along with someone, you have a friendly relationship with them. You can also say that two people get along.	It's impossible to get along with him // They seemed to be getting along fine
livespan	[n] the period of time for which they live or are normally expected to live.	A 15-year lifespan is not uncommon for a dog. // They have extended the potential life span of humanity everywhere.
sip	[n] a small amount of drink that you take into your mouth.	Katherine took another sip from her glass to calm herself.
mess	[n] A dirty or untidy state of things or of a place.	she made a mess of the kitchen // my hair was a mess
messy	[adj] Untidy or dirty.	his messy hair
swallow	[v] If you swallow something, you cause it to go from your mouth down into your stomach.	You are asked to swallow a capsule containing vitamin B
blame	[n] Responsibility for a fault or wrong.	His players had to take the blame for the defeat
procrastinator	[n] Someone who keeps leaving things he should do until later, often because he do not want to do them. A person who habitually puts off doing things.	Rita is a chronic procrastinator
put off	[pv] delay doing something.	Women who put off having a baby often make the best mothers.
postpone	[v] delay a event or arrange for it to take place at a later time than was originally planned.	He decided to postpone the expedition until the following day. // The visit has now been postponed indefinitely.
procrastinate	[v] Delay or postpone action; put off doing something.	the temptation will be to procrastinate until the power struggle plays itself out
wise	[adj] A wise person is able to use their experience and knowledge in order to make sensible decisions and judgments.	You're a wise old woman: tell me what to do.
wisely	[adv] In a way that shows experience, knowledge, and good judgement.	he budgets carefully and spends wisely
arrange	[v] (1) Put (things) in a neat, attractive, or required order. (2) Organize or make plans for (a future event)	(1) she had just finished arranging the flowers (2) they hoped to arrange a meeting
arrangement	[n] (1) The action, process, or result of arranging or being arranged. (2) (usually arrangements) A plan or preparation for a future event.	(1) the arrangement of the furniture in the room (2) all the arrangements for the wedding were made
double-decker bus	[n] a bus that has two storeys or decks.	Double-decker buses are used for mass transport in the United Kingdom, Europe, Asia and many former European possessions, the most iconic example being the red London bus.
guest	[n] A person who is invited to visit someone's home or attend a particular social occasion	I have two guests coming to dinner tonight
rotten	[adj] If food, wood, or another substance is rotten, it has decayed and can no longer be used.	he smell outside this building is overwhelming–like rotten eggs. // The front bay window is rotten.
decay	[v] When something such as a dead body, a dead plant, or a tooth decays, it is gradually destroyed by a natural process.	The bodies buried in the fine ash slowly decayed.
carriage	[n] an old-fashioned vehicle, usually for a small number of passengers, which is pulled by horses.	The President-elect followed in an open carriage drawn by six beautiful gray horses.
carousel	[n] a large circular machine with seats, often in the shape of animals or cars. People can sit on it and go round and round for fun.	Round and round like a horse on a carousel, we go
plaster	[n] An adhesive strip of material for covering cuts and wounds.	a large piece of plaster on her forehead
feed	[v] Give food to.	did you remember to feed the cat?
breast	[n] Either of the two soft, protruding organs on the upper front of a woman's body which secrete milk after childbirth.	Caroline crossed her arms over her breasts
church mouse	[n] Refers to a poor person or someone who is meek and quiet.	She is poor as a church mouse.
sightseeing	[n] the activity of visiting places of interest in a particular location.	a sightseeing tour
far-fetched	[adj] Unlikely and unconvincing; implausible.	the theory sounded bizarre and far-fetched
roller skate	[n] Each of a pair of boots or metal frames fitted to shoes with four or more small wheels, for gliding across a hard surface.	The four wheels and the metal plate on a roller skate are much heavier than the single blade on an ice skate.
rather	[adv] (1) (as submodifier) To a certain or significant extent or degree. (2) Used to suggest that the opposite of a previous statement is the case; on the contrary. (3) (would rather) Used to indicate one's preference in a particular matter.	(1) he's rather an unpleasant man (2) There is no shortage of basic skills in the workplace. Rather, the problem is poor management (3) she'd rather die than cause a scene
eager	[adj] Strongly wanting to do or have something.	hen my own son was five years old, I became eager for another baby.
Strike	[v] (of employees) refuse to work as a form of organized protest, typically in an attempt to obtain a particular concession or concessions from their employer.	workers may strike over threatened job losse
cosmopolitan	[adj] Familiar with and at ease in many different countries and cultures.	his knowledge of French, Italian, and Spanish made him genuinely cosmopolitan
part-time	[adj] [adv] For only part of the usual working day or week.	(1) as adjective ‘part-time jobs’ // ‘a part-time teacher’ (2) as adverb ‘he only worked part-time’
resigning	[v] Voluntarily leave a job or office.	he resigned from the government in protest at the policy
edgy	[adj] Tense, nervous, or irritable.	he became edgy and defensive
chairperson	[n] (1) A person chosen to preside over a meeting. (2) The permanent or long-term president of a committee, company, or other organization.	(1) the chairman of the conference (2) he received an offer to become the company's chairman and chief executive
godfather / godmother	[n] A person who presents a child at baptism and promises to take responsibility for their religious education.	he is godfather to her son
recipe	[n] A set of instructions for preparing a particular dish, including a list of the ingredients required.	a traditional Yorkshire recipe
leave	[v] Go away from.	she left London on June 6
further	(1) [adv] At, to, or by a greater distance (a thing or person is or becomes distant from another) (2) [adj] A further thing, number of things, or amount of something is an additional thing, number of things, or amount.	(1) for some time I had wanted to move further from London (2) They believed there were likely to be further attacks.
landscape	[n] All the visible features of an area of land, often considered in terms of their aesthetic appeal.	the soft colours of the Northumbrian landscape
customer service	[n] The assistance and advice provided by a company to those people who buy or use its products or services.	A recent survey on customer service concluded that nine out of 10 customers say how they are treated by a business is a major factor in determining where they will buy.
rattlesnake	[n] A heavy-bodied American pit viper with a series of horny rings on the tail that produce a characteristic rattling sound when vibrated as a warning.	Those were some of the most dangerous kinds of reptiles, spitting cobras, rattlesnakes, Komodo dragons.
distantly	[adv] Far away.	distantly he heard shouts // they are distantly related to the elephants
criticize	[v] ndicate the faults of (someone or something) in a disapproving way.	the opposition criticized the government's failure to consult adequately
claim	(1) [v] If you say that someone claims that something is true, you mean they say that it is true but you are not sure whether or not they are telling the truth. (2) [n] something which someone says which they cannot prove and which may be false.	(1) He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him. (2) He repeated his claim that the people backed his action.
painkiller	[n] A drug or a medicine for relieving pain.	The pain of shingles may be relieved by painkillers such as paracetamol.
toothache	[n] Pain in a tooth or teeth.	I've got toothache
refuse	[v] Indicate or show that one is not willing to do something.	I refused to answer
sightings	[n] An instance of seeing or catching sight of something, typically something unusual or rare. // A sighting of something, especially something unusual or unexpected is an occasion on which it is seen.	the reported sightings of a UFO near a Suffolk airbase
arrest	[v] Seize (someone) by legal authority and take them into custody.	the police arrested him for possession of marijuana
theorist	[n] A person concerned with the theoretical aspects of a subject; a theoretician.	Different theorists and proponents give different emphasis to different aspects.
likely	(1) [adj] Such as well might happen or be true; probable. (2) [adv] Probably.	(1) it was likely that he would make a televised statement (2) we will most likely go to a bar
reckon	[v] Establish by calculation.	his debts were reckoned at £300,000
homeless	[adj] (of a person) without a home, and therefore typically living on the streets.	the plight of young homeless people
fortune teller	[n] A person who is supposedly able to predict a person's future by palmistry, using a crystal ball, or similar methods.	he went to a fortune teller to ask for advice
shipping	[n] Ships considered collectively, especially those in a particular area or belonging to a particular country.	the volume of shipping using these ports
relieve	[v] Cause (pain, distress, or difficulty) to become less severe or serious.	the drug was used to promote sleep and to relieve pain
ship	[n] A large boat for transporting people or goods by sea.	the ship left England with a crew of 36
vertical farm	[n] A building in which crops are grown commercially in multiple layers or levels.	four years ago, Edel morphed a sprawling vacant factory into a vertical farm
earthquake	[n] a shaking of the ground caused by movement of the Earth's crust.	Nine on the Richter scale indicates an earthquake of absolutely awesome destructive power.
hostage	[n] someone who has been captured by a person or organization and who may be killed or injured if people do not do what that person or organization demands.	It is hopeful that two hostages will be freed in the next few days.
smart cloths	[n] (of clothing) neat and stylish, but not too formal, especially when this is the accepted way of dressing for a particular situation, place, or social occasion.	The interview's dress code is smart clothes.
delay	[v] Make (someone or something) late or slow.	the train was delayed
driverless	[adj] without driver	the new electric car is driverless
curable	[adj] (of a disease or condition) able to be cured.	ost skin cancers are completely curable
overtake	[v] catch up with and pass while traveling in the same direction.	the driver overtook a line of vehicles
coal	[n] a combustible black or dark brown rock consisting mainly of carbonized plant matter, found mainly in underground deposits and widely used as fuel.	This increase was in line with a growing demand for coal, especially as coal was used for fuel for steam vessels.
plants	[n] (1) a living organism typically growing in a permanent site, absorbing water and inorganic substances through its roots, and synthesizing nutrients in its leaves by photosynthesis (2) a place where an industrial or manufacturing process takes place.	(1) ventually, it melts to supply water and nutrients to plants and aquatic organisms. (2) the company has 30 nuclera plants in Mexico
NGO	[abrev] nongovernmental organization. // A non-profit organization that operates independently of any government, typically one whose purpose is to address a social or political issue.	thousands of people have been displaced, seeking refuge at police stations, churches, and temporary accommodation set up by NGOs // campaigns headed by Greenpeace and other NGOs
cease	[v] bring or come to an end.	Several countries cease to exit in 20 years
hurricane	[n] a storm with a violent wind, in particular a tropical cyclone in the Caribbean.	In fact, tropical storms or hurricanes have ended many droughts in Texas, and other parts of the world.
drought	[n] a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall; a shortage of water resulting from this.	Chinese officials say cloud seeding has helped to relieve severe droughts and water shortages in cities
flood	[n] an overflowing of a large amount of water beyond its normal confines, especially over what is normally dry land.	in a thousand miles the flood destroyed every bridge
widespread	[adj] found or distributed over a large area or number of people. // Something that is widespread exists or happens over a large area, or to a great extent.	there was widespread support for the war // flooding widespread and fire widespread are commmon in some periods of the year
hydrogen-fueled	[adj] A machine or vehicle works by burning a particular substance, in this case, hydrogen	She's cooking on a stove fueled by dried animal dung // in the future there will be hydrogen-fueled tranportation
octopuss	[n] A cephalopod mollusc with eight sucker-bearing arms, a soft body, strong beaklike jaws, and no internal shell.	Otters also are known to eat crabs, octopus , squid, sea stars, and fish.
deadline	[n] the latest time or date by which something should be completed.	the deadline for submissions is February 5th
nail	[n] (1) a small metal spike with a broadened flat head, driven into wood to join things together or to serve as a hook. (2) A horny covering on the upper surface of the tip of the finger and toe in humans and other primates.	(1) It was a long piece of wood connected to a smaller piece of wood by some nails and a screw. (2) Alex was clearly nervous, because she kept bending and flexing her fingers, and her nails were bitten down to the flesh.
thicker	[adj] (superlative) (of a liquid or a semiliquid substance) relatively firm in consistency; not flowing freely.	the blood is thicker than the water
literacy	[n] the ability to read and write. The opposite is "illetaracy"	Innovative programmes successfully encouraged adults to develop their literacy and numeracy skills.
catch up (1) (2)	[pv] (1) to reach some in front of you them by walking faster than they are walking (2) to reach the same standard, stage, or level that they have reached.	(1) I stopped and waited for her to catch up. (2) John began the season better than me but I have fought to catch up.
literate	[adj] (of a person) able to read and write.	Most of us are familiar with the concept of literacy as it applies to reading and writing and it is generally accepted that being literate means being able to decipher the written word and compose written work.
sensitive	[adj] (of a person or a person's behavior) having or displaying a quick and delicate appreciation of others' feelings. (2) If you are sensitive to other people's needs, problems, or feelings, you show understanding and awareness of them.	(1) I pay tribute to the Minister for his sensitive handling of the bill (2) The classroom teacher must be sensitive to a child's needs.
sensible	[adj] (of a statement or course of action) chosen in accordance with wisdom or prudence; likely to be of benefit.	I cannot believe that it is sensible to spend so much
envy	[n] the feeling you have when you wish you could have the same thing or quality that someone else has.	she felt a twinge of envy for the people on board
jealous	[adj] If someone is jealous, they feel angry or bitter because they think that another person is trying to take a lover or friend, or a possession, away from them.	She got insanely jealous and there was a terrible fight.
enterpreneur	[n] a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.	The British Library has a range of services for entrepreneurs and small businesses.
headshot	[n] (1) a photograph of a person's head. (2) a bullet or gunshot aimed at the head.	(1) And all you have to do is send in a full-body swimsuit photograph and one headshot to their offices. (2) They have no use for any body function except the brain, which is why you need to make a headshot in order to eliminate them.
range	[v] If things range between two points or range from one point to another, they vary within these points on a scale of measurement or quality.	They range in price from $3 to $15. // ...offering merchandise ranging from the everyday to the esoteric. // ...temperatures ranging between 5°C and 20°C.
leasure	[n] free time	Friesen, 65, said Tuesday it seemed like the right time to retire and spend more time on leisure activities as well as some charity work.
retailer	[n] a person or business that sells goods to the public.	Furniture and carpet retailers are among those reporting the sharpest annual decline in sales.
mail-order	[n] a system of buying and selling goods. You choose the goods you want from a company by looking at their catalogue, and the company sends them to you by post.	The toys are available by mail order.
launch	[v] (1) To launch a rocket, missile, or satellite means to send it into the air or into space. (2) To launch a ship or a boat means to put it into water, often for the first time after it has been built.	(1) NASA plans to launch a satellite to study cosmic rays. (2) There was no time to launch the lifeboats because the ferry capsized with such alarming speed.
succeed	[v] achieve the desired aim or result	a mission which could possibly succeed
fail	[v] Be unsuccessful in achieving one's goal.	he failed in his attempt to secure election
successful	[n] accomplishing an aim or purpose	a successful attack on the town
failure	[n] lack of success. Without or not having enough of success.	n economic policy that is doomed to failure
achieve	[v] If you achieve a particular aim or effect, you succeed in doing it or causing it to happen, usually after a lot of effort.	There are many who will work hard to achieve these goals
tailor	[n] a person (a man) whose occupation is making fitted clothes such as suits, pants, and jackets to fit individual customers.	While custom tailors sold individually fitted suits and other personalized apparel, they increasingly rationalized the production process in order to reduce basic costs.
seamstress	[n] a woman who sews, especially one who earns her living by sewing	Because of the clothing demands of an imperial court city, slave tailors and seamstresses found much employment.
sew	[v] When you sew something such as clothes, you make them or repair them by joining pieces of cloth together by passing thread through them with a needle.	he sewed the dresses on the sewing machine.
fit	[v] If something fits, it is the right size and shape to go onto a person's body or onto a particular object.	She has to go to the men's department to find trousers that fit at the waist.
sponsor	[n] a person or organization that provides funds for a project or activity carried out by another, in particular.	The competition was sponsored by Ruinart Champagne.
reliable	[adj] consistently good in quality or performance; able to be trusted.	a reliable source of information
easy-going	[adj] relaxed and tolerant in approach or manner. If you describe someone as easy-going, you mean that they are not easily annoyed, worried, or upset, and you think this is a good quality.	He was easy-going and good-natured.
bright	[adj] (1) (of a person, idea, or remark) intelligent and quick-witted. (2) giving out or reflecting a lot of light; shining	(1) a bright young journalist (2) I have problems seeing when the sun is bright
moody	[adj] If you describe someone as moody, you mean that their feelings and behaviour change frequently, and in particular that they often become depressed or angry without any warning.	David's mother was unstable and moody.
bigot / bigoted	[adj] Someone who is bigoted has strong, unreasonable prejudices or opinions and will not change them, even when they are proved to be wrong.	He was bigoted and racist.
eager	[adj] If you are eager to do or have something, you want to do or have it very much.	hen my own son was five years old, I became eager for another baby.
stingy	[adj] If you describe someone as stingy, you are criticizing them for being unwilling to give or spend money. ungenerous	Winston was not a stingy man.
owe	[v] have an obligation to pay or repay (something, especially money) in return for something received.	they have denied they owe money to the company
librarian	[n] a person, typically with a degree in library science, who administers or assists in a library.	They also deleted it from the online edition of the journal and asked librarians to physically remove the pages the article was printed on.
binge drinking	[n] "Binge drinking" is the consumption of large amounts of alcohol within a short period of time.	...a disturbing rise in binge drinking among young people.
hit on	(1) If someone hits on you, they speak or behave in a way that shows they want to have a sexual relationship with you. (2) If you hit on an idea or a solution to a problem, or hit upon it, you think of it.	(1) She was hitting on me and I was surprised and flattered. (2) After running through the numbers in every possible combination, we finally hit on a solution
dizzy	[adj] having or involving a sensation of spinning around and losing one's balance. // If you feel dizzy, you feel that you are losing your balance and are about to fall.	Her head still hurt, and she felt slightly dizzy and disoriented.
seasick	[adj] suffering from sickness or nausea caused by the motion of a ship at sea.	hough a good general, Medina Sidonia had never been to sea before and when he did get on board his ship, he got seasick .
hard work	[n] person who works with a lot of effort	it takes hard work to be successful in business
indecisive	[adj] (of a person) not having or showing the ability to make decisions quickly and effectively.	He was a poor administrator, he was indecisive , and he seemed unable to make hard decisions
think outside the box	[exp] Person who thinks differently or in a new way	My boyfriend is a think outside the box person
competitive	[adj] of, relating to, or characterized by competition. A competitive person is eager to be more successful than other people.	He has always been ambitious and fiercely competitive.
ambitious	[adj] having or showing a strong desire and determination to succeed	his mother was hard-working and ambitious for her four children
motivated	[adj] inspired by a desire to achieve something	He is highly motivated.
risk taker	[n] person who does things that are dangerous	he's always been a risk taker
good leader	[n] Person who has the qualities to manage a group of people	Everyone is a leader but only a selected few are a good leaders.
good communicator	[n] Person who can express ideias or feelings clearly to others	Good communicators know that nonverbal communication speaks louder than verbal communication
honest	[adj] sincere. Person who always tells the truth, and do not try to deceive people or break the law.	I haven't been totally honest with you
envious	[adj] feeling or showing envy.	I'm envious of their happiness
exchange	[n] an act of giving one thing and receiving another (especially of the same type or value) in return	negotiations should eventually lead to an exchange of land for peace
change	[n] the act or instance of making or becoming different.	the change from a nomadic to an agricultural society
deodorant	[n] a substance that removes or conceals unpleasant smells, especially bodily odors.	In most countries advertising is concentrated on a relatively small group of consumer goods, soaps detergents, tobacco, drugs, perfumes, deodorants , toothpaste, processed foods, alcohol, soft drinks, and cars.
seat	[n] a thing made or used for sitting on, such as a chair or stool.	I sat down in the white chair while Dr. Clark took a seat on a stool that sat to my left.
crew	[n] a group of people who work on and operate a ship, boat, aircraft, spacecraft, or train. (pilot copilot, fly assistance)	In addition to training the ship's crew , there's the matter of getting the air crews shipshape.
schedule	[n] a plan that gives a list of events or tasks and the times at which each one should happen or be done.	we have drawn up an engineering schedule
pray	[v] speak to God in order to give thanks or to ask for help.	He spent his time in prison praying and studying.
cheat	[v] act dishonestly or unfairly in order to gain an advantage, especially in a game or examination.	she always cheats at cards
in time	[exp] (1) If you are in time for a particular event, you are not too late for it. (before event)	I arrived just in time for my flight to London. //She set the alarm so she'd wake up in time to give her two sons their medication.
on time	[exp] If you are on time, you are not late, you are punctual (exact time of event)	Don't worry, she'll be on time. // Their planes usually arrive on time.
hangover	[n] a severe headache or other after effects caused by drinking an excess of alcohol.	These side-effects are far more severe than a hangover and can act as a strong deterrent to drinking.
loan	[n] a thing that is borrowed, especially a sum of money that is expected to be paid back with interest.	borrowers can take out a loan for $84,000
actually	[adv] in fact. as the truth or facts of a situation; really.	we must pay attention to what young people are actually doing
currently	[adv] at the present time.	he price is currently at a premium
career	[n] the jobs or professions that someone does for a long period of their life.	he is now concentrating on a career as a fashion designer.
work	[n] activity involving mental or physical effort done in order to achieve a purpose or result.	he was tired after a day's work in the fields
job	[n] a paid position of regular employment. the work that someone does to earn money.	Once I'm in America I can get a job.
borrow	[v] take and use (something that belongs to someone else) with the intention of returning it.	he had borrowed a car from one of his colleagues // Can i borrow your book?
lend	[v] grant to (someone) the use of (something) on the understanding that it shall be returned.	Stewart asked me to lend him my car // can you lend me your book?
miss	[v] fail to hit, reach, or come into contact with (something aimed at). [in this case, you can't find the thing or the person]	a laser-guided bomb had missed its target
lose	[v] be deprived of or cease to have or retain (something). // become unable to find (something or someone). // fail to win (a game or contest)	I've lost my appetite // I've lost the car keys // the Bears lost the final game of the series
remember	[v] have in or be able to bring to one's mind an awareness of (someone or something that one has seen, known, or experienced in the past).	I remember the screech of the horn as the car came toward me
remind	[v] cause (someone) to remember someone or something.	he would have forgotten the boy's birthday if you hadn't reminded him
forget	[v] fail to remember [not on purpose]	he had forgotten his lines // I forgot my book, it left on the table
leave	[v] cause (someone or something) to be in a particular state or position. [on purpose]	he'll leave you in no doubt about what he thinks // I forgot my book, it left on the table
hear	[v] perceive with the ear the sound made by (someone or something)	behind her she could hear men's voices
listen	[v] give one's attention to a sound.	evidently he was not listening
fun	[adj] Nice. amusing, entertaining, or enjoyable.	it was a fun evening
funny	[adj] causing laughter or amusement; humorous.	a funny story
see	[v] perceive with the eyes; discern visually. // notice something using eyes.	in the distance she could see the blue sea
look	[v] direct one's gaze toward someone or something or in a specified direction.	people were looking at him
apply for	[v] make a formal application or request.	you need to apply to the local authorities for a grant
nine to five	[adj] A nine-to-five job is one that you do during normal office hours, for example a job in a factory or an office.	She works a nine-to-five job.
flextime	[n] Flextime is a system that allows employees to vary the time that they start or finish work, provided that an agreed total number of hours are spent at work.	I have recently introduced flextime for all my staff.
vacancy	[n] a job or position which has not been filled.	Most vacancies are at senior level, requiring appropriate qualifications.
overtime	[n] time that you spend doing your job in addition to your normal working hours.	He would work overtime, without pay, to finish a job.
perks	[n] special benefits that are given to people who have a particular job or belong to a particular group.	One of the perks of being a student is cheap travel.
self-employed	[n] working for oneself as a freelancer or the owner of a business rather than for an employer.	here are no paid holidays or sick leave if you are self-employed.
freelancer	[adj] not employed by one organization, but is paid for each piece of work they do by the organization they do it for.	ill was starting to get some freelance writing jobs from trade magazines.
pay rise	[n] an increase in wages or salary	He gets a pay rise yesterday.
butcher	[n] a person whose trade is cutting up and selling meat in a shop.	Markets often have butchers or cooked meat shops that specialize in the head and trotters, that is, the non-organ meats that are not suitable for stews and kebabs.
carpenter	[n] a person who makes and repairs wooden objects and structures.	om Searles worked as a carpenter repairing the inside of the wooden mills and stayed for seventeen years
cashier	[n] a person handling payments and receipts in a store, bank, or other business.	For much of the last fifty years the country's banks have operated as cashiers for often insolvent state enterprises, paying little attention to their ability to repay, and building up a mountain of bad debt.
hairdresser	[n] a person who cuts and styles hair as an occupation.	She tells me she is just back from the hairdresser and the coiffure will revert to ragged ringlets as soon as it hits rain.
barber	[n] a person who cuts hair, especially men's, and shaves or trims beards as an occupation	Three local men have volunteered to have their beards shaved by a female barber all the way from Seville
by mistake	[exp] it was not planned	I dropped it by mistake
on my own	[exp] alone, not with other people	I saw the movie on my own
on businness	[exp] not on vacation, but for work	he's here on businness
by chance	[exp] accidentally	We met by chance
by hand	[exp] by a person, not a machine	it was made by hand
in the end	[exp] finally	We got there in the end
on purpose	[exp] i was not a mistake	She said it on purpose
in a moment	[exp] in a very short time	I'll do that in a moment
in a hurry	[exp] cannot wait	They're in a hurry
as soon as	[exp] If you say that something happens as soon as something else happens, you mean that it happens immediately after the other thing.	As soon as relations improve they will be allowed to go. // You'll never guess what happened as soon as I left my room.
while	[conj] If something happens while something else is happening, the two things are happening at the same time.	They were grinning and watching while one man laughed and poured his drink over the head of another. // sat on the settee to unwrap the package while he stood by.
during	[prep] If something happens during a period of time or an event, it happens continuously, or happens several times between the beginning and end of that period or event.	Sandstorms are common during the Saudi Arabian winter. // Plants need to be looked after and protected during bad weather.
until	[prep] If something happens until a particular time, it happens during the period before that time and stops at that time.	Until 2016, he was a high-ranking officer in the army. // ...consumers who have waited until after the Christmas holiday to do that holiday shopping.
by the time	[exp] happened previously // used for saying what has already happened at the time that something else happens.	By the time we arrived, the other guests were already there. // I had lived in 12 different cities by the time I turned 18. // By the time she showed up, I was finished eating.
all of a sudden	[exp] If something happens all of a sudden, it happens quickly and unexpectedly.	All of a sudden she didn't look sleepy any more.
waste	[v] use or expend carelessly, extravagantly, or to no purpose.	we can't afford to waste electricity
ahead	[adv] further forward in space; in the line of one's forward motion.	he had to give his attention to the road ahead
personal shopper	[n] an individual who is paid to help another to purchase goods, either by accompanying them while shopping or by shopping on their behalf.	Many higher-end department and specialty stores have personal shoppers to assist you.
boiling	[adj] extremely hot. [extreme adjetive]	There is nothing worse than being stuck on a boiling beach and having no protection for your face.
impossible	[adj] extremely difficult [extreme adjetive]	Everyone knows someone who is impossible to please, critical, judgmental, picky, and stubbornly closed-minded.
freezing	[adj] extremely cold [extreme adjetive]	strong winds and freezing temperatures
hilarious	[adj] extremely funny [extreme adjetive]	a hilarious dialogue from characters we never meet again
gigantic	[adj] extremely big [extreme adjetive]	a gigantic concrete tower
gorgeous	[adj] extremely pretty (someone) [extreme adjetive]	You could say that I can see the appeal, the attraction of, a gorgeous pair of heels
furious	[adj] extremely angry [extreme adjetive]	she was furious at this attempt to manipulate her
starving	[adj] extremely hungry [extreme adjetive]	You'd become starving after not eating or staying hungry for a long period.
exausted	[adj] extremely tired [extreme adjetive]	I will not ignore the messenger that stumbles in exhausted and obviously agitated.
tiny	[adj] extremely small [extreme adjetive]	We can live crowded together in vast cities or as tiny groups in remote deserts.
fantastic	[adj] extremely good [extreme adjetive]	novels are capable of mixing fantastic and realistic elements
spotless	[adj] extremely clean [extreme adjetive]	He hadn't bargained for the amount of effort it would take to keep the house absolutely spotless at all times.
filthy	[adj] extremely / disgustingly dirty [extreme adjetive]	Here is some more filthy trash by this 16th century pornographer.
ancient	[adj] (1) extremely old [extreme adjetive] (2) belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence.	the ancient civilizations of the Mediterranean
astounding	[adj] extremely suprising [extreme adjetive]	the summit offers astounding views
hideous	[adj] extremely ugly [extreme adjetive]	his smile made him look more hideous than ever
dodgeball	[n] a game in which players in a circle try to hit opponents inside the circle, thus eliminating them, with an inflated ball.	Invariably the most atrociously vile event preceded the game of dodgeball : the ceremonial picking of teams.
terrific	[adj] of great size, amount, or intensity.	there was a terrific bang
terrible	[adj] extremely or distressingly bad or serious. [extreme adjetive]	In the 1950s, chemical weapons, like hydrogen bombs, became symbols of terror that could bring terrible destruction.
delicious	[adj] extremely tasty [extreme adjetive]	Breakfast was included and consisted of delicious banana bread and juices
homeland	[s] a person's or a people's native land.	I could finally go back to my homeland
grow up	[pv] When someone grows up, they gradually change from being a child into being an adult.	She grew up in Tokyo.
at least	[p] You use at least to say that a number or amount is the smallest that is possible or likely and that the actual number or amount may be greater. The forms at the least and at the very least are also used.	...a dinner menu featuring at least 15 different sorts of fish. // Aim to have at least half a pint of milk each day. // About two-thirds of adults consult their doctor at least once a year.
skip rope	[n] a piece of rope, usually with handles at each end. You exercise or play with it by turning it around and around and jumping over it.	extra long Skip Rope is ideal for team endurance workouts at the gym or at home
hide-and-seek	[n] a children's game in which one player covers his or her eyes until the other players have hidden themselves, and then he or she tries to find them.	Hide-and-seek used to be my favorite game in my childhood.
hopscotch	[n] a children's game in which each child by turn hops into and over squares marked on the ground to retrieve a marker thrown into one of these squares.	Children enjoy playing games such as hopscotch and hide-and-seek.
elastics	[n] cord, tape, or fabric, typically woven with strips of rubber, that returns to its original length or shape after being stretched.	I know too, that nylon and stretch elastic , cast aside by fishermen, catches around seabirds' legs and either slowly kills or maims them.
clapping games	[n] children's games using claps and singing	Playing clapping games provides fun for children of every age.
(spinning) top toy	[n] an object for a child to play spinning.	Multi Color Spinning Top Toy makes a light humming melody that gets louder the faster it spins.
marbles	[n] a small ball of colored glass or similar material used as a toy.	For Irving, I bought a one dollar sack of glass marbles
whistle	[v] emit a clear, high-pitched sound by forcing breath through a small hole between one's lips or teeth.	the audience cheered and whistled
regular stairs	[n] a set of steps leading from one floor of a building to another, typically inside the building.	he came up the regular stairs
escalator	[n] a moving staircase consisting of an endlessly circulating belt of steps driven by a motor, conveying people between the floors of a public building.	Images submitted to the committee show a modern open-plan mall on two floors with escalators and coffee shops
typewriter	[n] an electric, electronic, or manual machine with keys for producing printlike characters one at a time on paper inserted around a roller.	A number of sewing machines and manual typewriters from Kerry have also been donated to the Zambian Mission
pre-prepared (food)	(1) [adj] prepared in advice (2) [v] make (something) ready for use or consideration in advance	(1) pre prepared food (2) pre prepare a brief summary of the article
addiction	[n] the fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance, thing, or activity.	he committed the theft to finance his drug addiction
addicted	[adj] physically and mentally dependent on a particular substance, and unable to stop taking it without incurring adverse effects.	she became addicted to alcohol and diet pills
addict	(1) [n] a person who is addicted to a particular substance, typically an illegal drug. (2) [v] to cause (someone or oneself) to become dependent (on something, esp a narcotic drug) (usually in the passive voice)	(1) He's only 24 years old and a drug addict. (2)
hole	[n] a hollow space in something solid or surface, with an opening on one side. [Something that is hollow has a space inside it, as opposed to being solid all the way through.]	he dug out a small hole in the snow
bare	[adj] (of a person or part of the body) not clothed or covered. // naked	he was bare from the waist up // We use bare infinitive with "would"
catch up (3)	[pv] (3) If you catch up on friends who you have not seen for some time or on their lives, you talk to them and find out what has happened in their lives since you last talked together.	(3) The women spent some time catching up on each other's work and families. // She plans to return to Dublin to catch up with the relatives she has not seen since she married.
scholarship	[n] a grant or payment made to support a student's education, awarded on the basis of academic or other achievement.	The money will be used to support scholarships and education grants through the Foundation
cardboard	[n] pasteboard or stiff paper.	a cardboard box
turn over	[pv] If you turn something over, or if it turns over, it is moved so that the top part is now facing downwards.	Liz picked up the blue envelope and turned it over curiously.
blast off	[v] When a space rocket blasts off, it leaves the ground at the start of its journey.	The original planned launch was called off four minutes before the space ship blasted off.
sort of	[p] You use sort of when you want to say that your description of something is not very accurate.	You could even order windows from a catalogue–a sort of mail order stained glass service. // In the end, she sort of pushed it. // I sort of made my own happiness.
surgery	[n] a medical treatment in which someone's body is cut open so that a doctor can repair, remove, or replace a diseased or damaged part.	His father has just recovered from heart surgery.
row	(1) [n] a number of things arranged in a line. (2) [v] sit in a boat and make it move through the water by using oars. If you row someone somewhere, you take them there in a boat, using oars.	(1) Several men are pushing school desks and chairs into neat rows. (2) We could all row a boat and swim almost before we could walk.
shame	[v] (of a person, action, or situation) make (someone) feel ashamed.	Tell the truth and shame the devil
ashamed	[adj] embarrassed or guilty because of one's actions, characteristics, or associations	I know I had something else to be ashamed of, but I can't think of it right now
live	[v] remain alive	(1) Three hundred people staged a rally at Dover yesterday over the export of live animals (2) Only McKinlay survived, living to the age of 95 when he died in Glasgow in 1983
alive	[adj] (of a person, animal, or plant) living, not dead.	There are thousands of animals and plants alive today that are no different from the way they appear in the fossil record!
company	[n] a commercial business.	It is also a great avenue for local companies to advertise their business services to overseas markets
companion	[n] a person or animal with whom one spends a lot of time or with whom one travels.	his traveling companion
died	[v] (of a person, animal, or plant) stop living.	She would have died a normal death otherwise within a couple days of her collapse in 1990
dead	[adj] no longer alive.	Fear of dead bodies is a known phobia which is surprisingly common
spare	[adj] additional to what is required for ordinary use. // You use spare to describe something that is the same as things that you are already using, but that you do not need yet and are keeping ready in case another one is needed.	Don't forget to take a few spare batteries.
as well	[ph] You use as well when mentioning something which happens in the same way as something else already mentioned, or which should be considered at the same time as that thing.	If the university invites one candidate to speak, all others will be invited as well. I prefer to paint landscapes. I like to paint butterflies and gardens as well. // Andy's face paled with disappointment; perhaps with anger as well.
rehearse	[v] When people rehearse a play, dance, or piece of music, they practise it in order to prepare for a performance. // If you rehearse something that you are going to say or do, you silently practise it by imagining that you are saying or doing it.	A group of actors are rehearsing a play about Joan of Arc. // Anticipate any tough questions and rehearse your answers.
train	[v] If someone trains you to do something, they teach you the skills that you need in order to do it. If you train to do something, you learn the skills that you need in order to do it.	The U.S. was ready to train its troops to participate.
rather	(1) use to intensife an adjetive or adverb (2) [+ than] used to compare two alternatives (3) [would +] to preferer but more formal (4) [or +] used to correct ourself	(1) I’m rather busy, in fact. (2) He wanted to be a comedian rather than an actor. (3) We’d rather not go out tonight. (4) She commanded and I obeyed, or rather, I pretended to.
riddle	[n] a puzzle or joke in which you ask a question that seems to be nonsense but which has a clever or amusing answer.	idnight had arrived, but Leander still hadn't figured out the riddle
match	(1) [n] a contest in which people or teams compete against each other in a particular sport. (2) [v] be equal to (something) in one or more aspects like quality or quantity.	(1) (2) Can't we pick people with a keener sense of how their strengths match the demands of the role?
eletric fence	[n] a fence through which an electric current can be passed, giving an electric shock to any person or animal touching it.	Thieves snatched the miniature pony after breaking through a padlocked gate and disconnecting an electric fence leading to a paddock in Bourton
hair brush	[n] a brush for arranging or smoothing a person's hair	I picked up my hairbrush from the stack on the sink and brushed my hair slowly, watching the movements or my arm in the mirror.
shower	[n] an enclosure in which a person stands under a spray of water to wash.	The building has a small lift and the rooms have running water, baths and hot showers and the caretaker has a television.
electric razor	[n] an electrical device for shaving, with oscillating or rotating blades behind a metal guard.	Men use electric razors for sensitive skin, to trim heavy beards, or maintaining stubble
dishwasher	[n] a machine for washing dishes automatically	Car parking is included in the price as is a range of kitchen appliances including fridge-freezers, ovens, hobs, dishwashers , washing machines and extractor fans.
washing machine	[n] a machine for washing clothes, bed linens, etc	The washing machines could take our entire week's clothes in one go.
food processor	[n] a piece of electrical equipment that is used to mix, chop, or beat food, or to make it into a liquid.	Place everything in a food processor with a teaspoon of salt and blend
juicer	[n] an electrical appliance for extracting juice from fruit and vegetables.	This powerful electric juicer automatically separates the pulp from the juice
toaster	[n] a piece of electrical equipment used to toast bread.	They are already facing a new European Union directive which requires them to recycle electrical equipment from toasters to computers
garbage disposal machine	[n] an electrical equipment used to cut food into pieces small enough to pass throw plumbing.	garbage disposal machines are used extensively in American households, but are far less common elsewhere in the world.
vacuum cleaner	[n] an electrical apparatus that by means of suction collects dust and small particles from floors and other surfaces.	We had no electricity to run a vacuum cleaner and no water
sewing machine	[n] a machine with a mechanically driven needle for sewing or stitching cloth	The figures of three adults, a baby and a dog are constructed of patches of cloth stitched with a sewing machine
remote control	[n] a system of controlling a machine or a vehicle from a distance by means of radio or electronic signals.	The bomb was detonated by remote control.
camera	[n] a device for recording visual images in the form of photographs, film, or video signals	Among the hours of images caught by the cameras at King's Cross, one sequence stood out.
sprinkler	[n] a device that sprays water.	If you do use overhead sprinklers , water during the early morning so your plants have time to dry before nightfall
garden shears	[n] large scissor-like used for gardening.	a pair of garden shears
rake \|rék\|	[n] a garden tool consisting of a row of metal or wooden teeth attached to a long handle pole. You can use a rake to make the earth smooth and level before you put plants in, or to gather leaves together.	We get up at 6.30 am and head out to the beach with our wheelbarrows, shovels, rakes , machete and rubbish bags
lawnmower	[n] a machine for cutting the grass on a lawn.	I now really need a lawnmower , some round up, a spade and fertiliser.
typewriter	[n] an electric, electronic, or manual machine with keys for producing printlike characters one at a time on paper inserted around a roller.	The stories are already largely written for them before the journalists take fingers to typewriters or pen to paper
copier	[n] a machine that makes exact copies of something, especially documents, video or audio recordings, or software.	You'll find a limitless amount of information here, from how elevators, bikes and CD players work to centrifuges, Xerox copiers and, yes, even see-saws
newspaper	[n] a publication consisting of a number of large sheets of folded paper, on which news, advertisements, and other information is printed.	They read their daughter's allegations in the newspaper.
mail, voicemail	[n] (1) etters and packages conveyed by the postal system (2) an electronic system for the transfer and storage of telephone messages, which can then be dealt with by the user at his or her convenience	(1) We expect the majority of our retail outlets will be open as usual and we will be giving priority to delivering express post and mail to post office boxes (2) Or you can ignore it, send it to voicemail or forward the call to a wireless phone
vending machine	[n] a machine that dispenses small articles such as food, drinks, or cigarettes when a coin, bill, or token is inserted.	Changes would have to be made to pay and display meters and vending machines to accept new coins
means of transport	[n] any vehicle that you can travel or carry goods in	hey didn't provide me with any means of transport.
naughty	[adj] (1) (especially of children) disobedient; badly behaved. (2) mildly rude or indecent, typically because related to sex.	(1) You naughty boy, you gave me such a fright. (2) The Code wasn't simply about getting rid of naughty words or translucent costumes
migraine	[n] an extremely painful headache that makes you feel very ill // a recurrent throbbing headache that typically affects one side of the head and is often accompanied by nausea and disturbed vision.	While most adult migraines occur in women, migraines in children occur commonly in either sex.
muffled	[adj] (of a sound) not loud because of being obstructed in some way; muted	However, halfway down the hall, she heard muffled sobs
reasonable	[adj] as much as is appropriate or fair; moderate.	At the time, what he'd done had seemed reasonable.
lack	[n] the state of being without or not having enough of something	A lack of communication will result in a lack of trust.
dust	[n] very small pieces of dirt which you find inside buildings, for example on furniture, floors, or lights.	The rooms were empty of furniture and dust lay everywhere.
avoid	(1) If you avoid something unpleasant that might happen, you take action in order to prevent it from happening. (2) If you avoid doing something, you choose not to do it, or you put yourself in a situation where you do not have to do it.	(1) She took a different route to work to avoid getting stuck in traffic. (2) Swann managed to avoid learning that lesson for a long time.
well-paid	[adj] If you say that a person or their job is well-paid, you mean that they receive a lot of money for the work that they do. // earning or providing good pay	I have an interesting, well-paid job, with opportunities to travel.
greasy	[adj] (1) covered with or resembling an oily substance. (2) of a person or their manner) effusively polite in a way that is felt to be insincere and repulsive.	(1) His fingers immediately became greasy , forcing his face to pale (2) I searched all over for that greasy man, and didn't see him anywhere
average	(1) [n] the result that you get when you add two or more numbers together and divide the total by the number of numbers you added together. (2) [adj] An average person or thing is typical or normal.	(1) Take the average of those ratios and multiply by a hundred (2) The average adult man burns 1,500 to 2,000 calories per day.
tidal wave	[n] (1) a very large wave, often caused by an earthquake, that flows onto the land and destroys things. (2) If you describe a very large number of emotions, things, or people as a tidal wave, you mean that they all occur at the same time.	(1) ...a massive tidal wave swept the ship up and away. (2) The trade union movement was swept along by a tidal wave of patriotism.
buffet restaurant	[n] a restaurant with a meal of cold food that is displayed on a long table where guests usually serve themselves	Mangai is the most delicious buffet restaurant at the city
all-you-can-eat restaurant	[n] restaurant at which you pay a fixed price, no matter how much or how little you eat.	Sal&Brasa is the most delicious all-you-can-eat restaurant at the city
refration	[n] the change in direction of a propagating wave, such as light or sound, in passing from one medium to another in which it has a different velocity	the apparent elevation in position of a celestial body resulting from the refraction of light by the earth's atmosphere
reflection	[n] the process by which light and heat are sent back from a surface and do not pass through it.	It must have been reflection , as the light was behind me
silly	[adj] having or showing a lack of common sense or judgment; absurd and foolish. // foolish, childish, or ridiculous.	My best friend tells me that I am silly to be upset about this.
loud	[adj] If a noise is loud, the level of sound is very high and it can be easily heard. Someone or something that is loud produces a lot of noise.	The band was starting to play a fast, loud number.
low	[adj] If something is low, it is close to the ground, to sea level, or to the bottom of something.	They saw a government war plane make a series of low-level bombing raids. // It was late afternoon and the sun was low in the sky.
jellyfish	[n] a sea creature that has a clear soft body and can sting you, and it has tentacles, long thin parts that are used for feeling and holding things, for getting food, and for moving.	Certain Pacific jellyfish are much more dangerous, but they are limited to the waters around Australia.
quarrel	[n] an angry argument between two or more friends or family members.	Customers often asked the kindly gentleman to help crack their problems, which could be anything from domestic quarrels to housing disputes.
vaccination	[n] the administration of a vaccine to help the immune system develop protection from a disease.	Vaccines contain a microorganism or virus in a weakened or killed state, or proteins or toxins from the organism.
tow truck	[n] a motor vehicle which is used to pull broken or damaged vehicles.	A tow truck (also called a wrecker, a breakdown truck, recovery vehicle or a breakdown lorry) is a truck used to move disabled, improperly parked, impounded, or otherwise indisposed motor vehicles.
ice cream cone	[n] a conical edible wafer for holding ice cream	Various types of ice cream cones include wafer (or cake) cones, waffle cones, and sugar cones.
scoop	[n] an object like a spoon which is used for picking up a quantity of a food such as ice cream or an ingredient such as flour.	a small ice-cream scoop.
mainly	[adv] You use mainly when mentioning the main reason or thing involved in something.	He did not want to take up a competitive sport, mainly because he did not have anyone to play with.
profitable	[adj] Something that is profitable results in some benefit for you.	...collaboration which leads to a profitable exchange of personnel and ideas.
profit	[n] a financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something	While full-year pre-tax profits were flat at £600m, the company's recent performance warrants some optimism
consultant	[n] a person who gives expert advice to a person or organization on a particular subject.	...a team of management consultants sent in to reorganise the department.
attendant	[n] someone whose job is to serve or help people in a place such as a car park or a cloakroom.	Tony Williams was working as a car-park attendant in Los Angeles
seller	[n] a person or company that sells something.	It's an occasion for patriotism, with street sellers offering flags to passers-by.
account	[n] If you have an account with a bank or a similar organization, you have an arrangement to leave your money there and take some out when you need it. (2) An account is a written or spoken report of something that has happened.	(1) I had two accounts with the bank, a savings account and a current account. (2) He gave a detailed account of what happened on the fateful night
plumber	[n] a person whose job is to connect and repair things such as water and drainage pipes, baths, and toilets.	The thaw after heavy snowfall meant that plumbers were inundated with calls to repair burst pipes.
pipe	[n] a long, round, hollow object, usually made of metal or plastic, through which a liquid or gas can flow.	The plant makes plastic covered steel pipes for the oil and gas industries.
sort out	[pv] (1) (many things) to separate them into different classes, or places (2) (a problem or the details of something) to do what is necessary to solve the problem or organize the details (3) (someone) to make them realize that they have behaved wrongly	(1) Sort out all your bills, receipts, invoices and expenses and keep detailed accounts. (2) The two countries have sorted out their trade and security dispute. (3) The crucial skill you need to develop is sorting out the parents.
flash drive	[n] a small, lightweight smart card. It can be plugged into a computer where it functions as a kind of portable hard drive.	The boy turned the computer on, plugged in the flash drive he had brought with him, and got to work
inquire	[v] to ask for information about it. // to look into	Who are you?' he enquired of the first man.
wonder [v]	[v] (1) (+about) to think about it (either it's interesting, you want to know more or you're worried about it) (2) (+at) very surprised about something or think about it in a very surprised way	(1) It makes you wonder about the effect on men's behaviour (2) He liked to sit and wonder at all that had happened // We all wonder that you're still alive
wonder [n/adj]	[n] (1) a feeling of great surprise and pleasure that you have (2) something that causes people to feel great surprise or admiration [adj] (3) a person or a thing that they are believed by many people to be very good or very effective.	(1) I was expressing some amazement and wonder at her good fortune (2) The East Window is a wonder of medieval glazing (3) Dr Williams describes it as a potential wonder drug.
research	[n] work that involves studying something and trying to discover facts about it [v] to try to discover facts about it. // investigate	(1) ...his researches into which kinds of flowers bees get their best honey from. (2) So far we haven't been able to find anything, but we're still researching.
frighten	[v] make (someone) afraid or anxious.	His change in tone frightened her and she knew that his next words would chill her to the bone
scared	[adj] fearful; frightened	I can't remember when I first started getting scared of going to the dentist
grief	[n] deep sorrow, especially that caused by someone's death	Grief over a traumatic death does not follow an accepted timeline
sorrow	[v] feel or display deep distress [n] a feeling of deep distress caused by loss, disappointment, or other misfortune suffered by oneself or others	(1) Does warfare cause us to sorrow over sin and pray for Christ's return? (2) I felt sadness after my father died but I live with sorrow since my only son was killed in the war.
terrify	[v] cause to feel extreme fear. Past is terrified.	A robber who used a fake gun to terrify a shop assistant, sparking an armed police hunt, has been jailed for six years.
annoy	[v] irritate (someone); make (someone) a little angry.	It was weather enough to annoy the travelers and dampen their morale as well as their clothes
break down	[p] (1) If a machine or a vehicle breaks down, it stops working. (2) If a discussion, relationship, or system breaks down, it fails because of a problem or disagreement.	(1) Their car broke down (2) Talks with business leaders broke down last night.
recharge	[v] If you recharge a battery, you put an electrical charge back into the battery by connecting it to a machine that draws power from another source of electricity such as the mains. {n} recharging	He is using your mains electricity to recharge his car battery.
out of order	[p] A machine or device that is out of order is broken and does not work.	heir phone's out of order.
switch off	[p] If you switch off a light or other electrical device, you stop it working by operating a switch.	She switched off the coffee-machine
switch on	[p] If you switch on a light or other electrical device, you make it start working by operating a switch.	He pointed the light at his feet and tried to switch it on.
run out of gas	[p] to suddenly feel very tired or lose interest in what you are doing	Miller, who missed second place by four seconds, said she `ran out of gas' close to the finish.
plug in	[p] If you plug a piece of electrical equipment into an electricity supply or if you plug it in, you connect it to an electricity supply using a plug.	He took the machine from its bag and plugged it into the wall socket.

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