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Chapter 1.2
Matter and Its Properties
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mass | Measure of the amount of matter Can be measured with a triple beam balance |
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume) |
| Atom | Smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element |
| Element | Pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one kind of atom |
| Compound | Substance that can be broken down into simpler, stable substances (by chemical means). Made of 2 or more elements that have been chemically combined, |
| Extensive Property | Property that depends on the amount of matter that is present. Examples: mass or volume |
| Intensive Property | Property that does NOT depend on the amount of matter present. Examples: boiling point, density, ability to conduct heat |
| Physical Property | Characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. Boiling point, melting point, density, malleability (ability to shape), and viscosity (ability to pour). |
| Physical Change | A change in a substance that does not involve a change the identity of the substance. Examples: Grinding, cutting, melting and boiling. |
| Change of State | Change of a substance from one state of matter to another. Changes of state are also called phase changes and they are PHYSICAL CHANGES. |
| Solid | Matter that has a definite shape and volume. Keeps shape regardless of container. Particles held close together by strong attractive force and vibrate in place. |
| Liquid | Matter that has a definite volume but an indefinite shape. Takes the shape of its container. Close together but can flow past one another. Can overcome force of attraction between them. |
| Gas | Matter that has neither a definite volume nor a definite shape. Takes shape of the container AND expands to fill container. Composed of rapidly moving particles that are farther apart, so the attractive forces between them has less effect. |
| Plasma | The 4th state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons. This is the most abundant form of matter. |
| Chemical Property | |
| Chemical Change | |
| Chemical Reaction | |
| Reactant | |
| Product | |
| Mixture | |
| Homogeneous | |
| Solution | |
| Heterogeneous | |
| Pure Substance |
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