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Chem 5 common assess
common assessment #1 review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| two or more different arrangements of atoms of the same element in a solid state | allotrope |
| the type of solid that has no ordered crystal structure | amorphous |
| this is caused by the collision of air particles with the surfaces of objects | air pressure |
| the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid | melting point |
| the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid top a gas | boiling point |
| the regular, ordered, repeating arrangement of atoms or molecules in most solids | crystal |
| vaporization that takes place only at the surface of a liquid | evaporation |
| vaporization that takes place throughout a liquid | boiling |
| the energy of motion | kinetic energy |
| the theory that states that all matter is made of particles that are always moving | kinetic theory |
| a graph of the relationship between vapor pressure and temperature of a substance | phase diagram |
| the temperature and pressure at which a substance may exist as a solid, liquid and gas simultaneously | triple point |
| the change of state from a solid directly to a gas | sublimation |
| the smallest group of particles of a solid that have the shape of the crystal | unit cell |
| space without matter | vacuum |
| the force of a gas above a liquid | vapor pressure |
| this occurs when the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation in a closed container | dynamic equilibrium |
| 1 atmosphere | 760 mm Hg or 101.3 kPa |
| a temperature of 0 degrees C and pressure of 1 atm | Standard temperature and pressure (STP) |
| the temperature at which particulate motion ceases | absolute zero |
| the closeness of a measurement to the actual value | accuracy |
| a measure of how close together a series of measurements is | precision |
| the capacity to do work or produce heat | energy |
| the temperature scale that is based on the movement of particles | Kelvin scale |
| ([error]/accepted value)x100= | percent error |
| experimental value-accepted value = | error |
| a change in which new substances are formed | chemical change |
| characteristics of how a substance reacts with other substances | chemical properties |
| a change in which no new substances are formed | physical changes |
| characteristics that can be measured or observed without changing the substance | physical properties |
| a substance that is composed of atoms of different elements combine chemically in precise ratios | compound |
| a property that is not dependent on the size of the sample | extensive property |
| a property that depends on the size of the sample | intensive property |
| matter can neither be created nor destroyed | law of conservation of mass |
| a solid that forms when two liquids react | precipitate |
| the end result of chemical reactions | products |
| the substances that react in a chemical reaction | reactants |
| a homogeneous mixture in which all components appear in the same phase | solution |
| the substance that gets dissolved | solute |
| the substance that does the dissolving | solvent |
| a mixture in which particles are small enough to scatter light but large enough settle out | suspension |
| a mixture in which the particles are small enough to scatter light, but do not settle out. Most of these are white in color. | colloid |
| the gaseous state of a substance that is normally a solid or a liquid at room temperature | vapor |
Created by:
phuddles
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