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Chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is called | ecology |
| the combined portions of Earth in which all living things exist is called the | biosphere |
| all of the members of a particular species that live in one area are called a(an) | population |
| which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct? | species make up populations, which make up communities. |
| the lowest level of environmental complexity that includes living and nonliving factors is the | ecosystem |
| the simplest grouping of more than one kind of organism in the biosphere is a community | a community |
| plants are | producers |
| what is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems? | sunlight |
| orgainisms feeds only one plants | herbivore |
| which of the following organisms does NOT require sunlight to live? c | chemosynthetic bacteria |
| an organism that uses energy to produce its own food supply from inorganic compounds is called a(an) | autotroph |
| all the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem make up a food | web |
| the algae at the beginning of the food chain in figure 3-1 are | producers |
| can not make own food | hetertroph |
| organisms that obtain nutrients by breaking down dead and decaying plants and animals are called | decomposers |
| only 10 percent of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of the remaining energy, some is used for the organism's life processes, and the rest is | eliminated as heat. |
| total amount of living tissue within a given tropic level is called the | biomass |
| animals eat both producers and consumers | omnivores |
| tern for each step in the transfer of energy and matter with a food web | tropic level |
| carbon cycles through the biosphere in all the following except | transpiration |
| a snake that eats a frog that has eaten an insect that fed on a plant is a | third level consumer |
| the repeated movement of water between Earth's surface and the atmosphere is called | the water cycle |
| most of the energy available to a consumer trophic level is used by organisms for | respiration, movement, and reproduction. |
| a bird stalks kills and then eats an insect based on the behavior which ecological terms describe the bird | carnivore and consumer |
| how is carbon stored in the biosphere | all of the above |
| the rate at which organic matter is created by producers in an ecosystem is called | primary productivity |
| biogeochemical cycling ensures that | nutrients will be circulated throughout the biosphere. |
| orgainisms need nutrients in order | to carry out essential life functions |
| nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by | bacteria |
| which of the following has a direct role in the nitrogen cycle? | all of the above |
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