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Sound
A stack of terms related to sound for Grade 11 Physics (SPH3U).
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| sound | a form of energy, produced by rapidly vibrating objects, that can be heard by the human ear |
| infrasonic | any sound with a frequency lower than the threshold of human hearing (20 Hz) |
| ultrasonic | any sound with a frequency higher than the threshold of human hearing (20 kHz) |
| sound intensity | power of a sound per unit area in watts per metre squared |
| decibel (dB) | unit used to measure sound intensity level |
| sonar | system that uses transmitted and reflected underwater sound waves to locate objects or measure the distance to the bottom of the water body |
| echo | reflected sound waves |
| echolocation | location of objects through the analysis of reflected sound |
| beats | periodic changes in sound intensity caused by interference between two nearly identical sound waves |
| beat frequency | the number of beats heard per second in hertz |
| Doppler effect | when a source of sound approaches an observer, the observed frequency increases; when the source moves away from an observer, the observed frequency decreases |
| subsonic speed | speed less than the speed of sound in air |
| Mach number | the ratio of the speed of an object to the speed of sound in air |
| supersonic speed | speed greater than the speed of sound in air |
| sound barrier | a high-pressure region produced as an airplane approaches a speed of Mach 1 |
| sonic boom | an explosive sound that radiates from an aircraft travelling at supersonic speeds |
| music | sound that originates from a source with one or more constant frequencies |
| noise | sound that originates from a source where the frequencies are not constant |
| consonance | combinations of sounds of specific frequencies that are pleasing to the ear; the frequencies are often in a simple ratio |
| dissonance | combinations of sounds of specific frequencies that have a harsh effect; the frequencies are not in a simple ratio |
| octave | sounds that differ in frequency by a factor of two |
| fundamental mode | simplest mode of vibration producing the lowest frequency |
| fundamental frequency | the lowest natural frequency |
| harmonics | whole-number multiples of the fundamental frequency |
| closed air column | column closed at one end and open at the other |
| open air column | column open at both ends |
Created by:
JP Brichta
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