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Carp115BioChemSL

QuestionAnswer
What is the monomer of carbohydrates? Monosaccharides
What is the monomer of lipids? Fatty acids and glycerol / Triglycerides
What is the monomer of proteins? Amino acids
What is the monomer of nucleic acids? Nucleotides
Which macromolecule codes genetic information? Nucleic Acids
Which two macromolecules make ribosomes? Nucleic acids and proteins
Which macromolecule makes up tendons, muscle, bones and hair? Proteins
Which macromolecule controls what enters and leaves the cell? Proteins
Which macromolecule makes enzymes? Proteins
Which macromolecule is long term energy storage in animal cells? Lipids
Which macromolecule makes up cell membranes? Lipids
Which macromolecule is a short term energy in cellular respiration? Carbohydrates
Which macromolecule is a long term energy storage in both plant and animal cells? Carbohydrates
Which macromolecule provides structure to plants? Carbohydrates
What three elements make up organic compounds? Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
What are four types of lipids? Waxes, fats, oils, sterols
What are the two forms of fatty acids? saturated and unsaturated
What fatty acid is considered bad for you? saturated
What type of cells store lipids in animals? Adipose
What lipid structures make up cell membranes? Phospholipids
What type of lipid acts as a chemical messenger? Sterols
What is the monomer of testosterone, progesterone, and estrogen? Cholesterol
Due to the cell membrane being impermeable to water, how does water pass through the cell membrane? Protein channels
The cell membrane is said to have outer edges that are hydrophilic and an inner region that is hydrophobic. What is hydrophilic mean? Water Loving
The cell membrane is said to have outer edges that are hydrophilic and an inner region that is hydrophobic. What is hydrophobic? Water fearing
What elements make up lipids? Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
What elements make up carbohydrates? Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
What elements make up proteins? Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
What elements make up nucleic acids? Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
What ratio of elements do carbohydrates always have? 1:2:1
What is the simplest form of carbohydrates? Glucose
What is formed when two monosaccharides are attached together? Disaccharides
What is formed when many monosaccharides are attached together? Polysaccharides
Molecules that have the same chemical formula but have different arrangement of atoms are called? Isomers
What are two examples of polysaccharides? Starch, Cellulose, Chitin
What is the function of starch? Stores energy
What is the function of cellulose? Composes the plants cell wall
What process makes monomers into larger polymers? Dehydration synthesis
What process breaks down larger polymers into monomers? Hydrolysis
What happens to energy when bonds are made? Energy is stored
What happens to energy when bonds are broken? Energy is released
What are the two types of nucleic acids? DNA and RNA
What are the three parts of the nucleotide? Phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar, nitrogenous base
What is the 5-carbon sugar found in DNA? Deoxyribose
What is the 5-carbon sugar found in RNA? Ribose
What are the four nitrogenous bases for DNA? Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
What are the four nitrogenous bases for RNA? Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine
What is the complimentary base pairing rules for DNA? A=T G=C
What is the complimentary base pairing rules for RNA? A=U G=C
Amino acids make long chains of? Peptide chains
How many different types of amino acids are there? 20
What type of bonds holds polypeptide chains together? Peptide
Due to water having a positive and negative end, it is known as what kind of molecule? Polar molecule
Most substances will dissolve in water, but what macromolecule will not? Lipids
38. Water molecules creating hydrogen bonds with other water molecules is called? Cohesion
The tendency of water to stick to substances other than other water molecules is called? Adhesion
The ability of a liquid to flow against gravity in a narrow space is called? Capillary action
Created by: carp115
 

 



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