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Review Week 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| After World War I, the League of Nations was created to help resolve international conflicts before they led to war. What did Japan's successful invasion of Manchuria in 1931 indicate about the ability of the League of Nations to prevent World War II? | The League had little power to stop acts of aggression |
| Britain and France suffered heavy casualties during Word War I. Because of this, when faced with Axis expansion before World War II, these countries were | unwilling to take actions that might start another war |
| The Weimar Republic was established in Germany following World War I. An important factor leading to the collapse of the Weimar Republic and the rise of Nazi dictatorship that took Germany into World War II was | the economic burden of war reparations (payments) to Germany's former enemies |
| As a result of the Versailles Treaty, Germany lost its overseas colonies in Africa. How did the loss of these colonies contribute to the outbreak of World War II? | The Nazis exploited German resentment of their colonial losses by engaging in territorial expansion in Europe |
| In 1938, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain chose the adopt a policy of appeasement toward Hitler's aggression against Czechoslovakia. What did this mean? | Prime Minister Chamberlain gave in to Hitler's demands in order to avoid war |
| The nature of warfare during World War I on the Western and Eastern fronts can best be described as | a war of attrition or stalemate fought primarily in trenches |
| What is a main reason that Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Romania became satellites of the Soviet Union? | The Soviet army occupied these areas at the end of World War II. |
| What was one outcome of World War II? | The Soviet Union emerged as an international superpower |
| What was one major goal of the Soviet Union during the early years of the Cold War? | to create a defensive buffer zone in Eastern Europe |
| The Soviet Union dealt with uprisings in Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia during the 1950s and 1960s by | crushing the uprisings with military force |
| The Arab oil embargo against the United States in 1973 was initiated because of U.S. support for | Israel in the Yom Kippur War |
| The Warsaw Pact was developed in 1955 as a response to the | formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
| The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, an act of Congress, was used by President Lyndon Johnson to justify United States bombing during | The Vietnam War |
| In 1949 twelve nations signed a treaty to form the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). What provides an accurate analysis of how NATO increased Cold War tensions? | The pact created a mutual defense alliance between the United States and Western European countries |
| Why was post-World War II Berlin Germany, different from other Cold War areas of conflict? | West Berlin was located within a communist country |
| The United States created Radio Free Europe during the Cold War. One of its missions was to play popular music that had been banned by the communists. What statement summarizes the goal of establishing Radio Free Europe? | Broadcasting United States propaganda to Eastern Europe |
| The Cold War term "Berlin Airlift" refers to the- | American effort to stop Stalin's blockade of roads and railways leading through East Germany to West Berlin |
| President John F. Kennedy's hope for world peace was the central theme of the Alliance for Progress Program, adopted in 1961. The main idea of this program was to- | improve social and economic conditions in Latin America |
| What can be considered a direct response to the creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization? | The Warsaw Pact (1953) |
| How did Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of Glasnost and Perestroika affect the Soviet Union? | Many Soviet citizens demanded more economic and political freedom. |
| At the end of World War II, Soviet armies liberated the countries of Eastern Europe from Nazi Germany. The occupation of these countries by the Soviet Union contributed to the development of the Cold War by | dividing Europe into communist and non-communist spheres |
| In the years following World War II, the countries of communist Eastern Europe were often referred to as being "behind the iron curtain." These countries were perceived as a single region based on | economic and political characteristics |
| Following World War II, the Soviet Union dominated the countries of Eastern Europe. Forty years later, the Soviet bloc disintegrated, and the Soviet Union broke apart as well. These later events led to | struggles for political control in countries formerly under the control of the Soviet Union |
| The proposal by Great Britain to grant Indian independence in 1947 drew opposition from Muslim leaders. Their view was that they were denied a voice in the Hindu-dominated independence movement. As a result, Indian Muslims wanted | a separate independent Muslim country |
| What is the best explanation for the collapse of communism in the Eastern European countries during the late 1980s? | economic discontent among the citizens |
| Why did the United States participate in the 1991 Gulf War? | To secure stable political relations in the Middle East |
| What statement would describe a cause for United States military involvement in the Persian Gulf in 1990-1991? | The Iraqi military had seized control of Kuwait |
| What has been a significant effect of United States support for Israel? | Increased feelings of hostility toward the United States from Israel's neighbors What has been a significant effect of United States support for Israel? |
| The rapid growth of the world's population in the last fifty years is due, in part, to scientific advances in | health care and medicine |
| Which of the following has been an effect of the growth of the Internet in recent years? | It has become easier for people all over the world to exchange ideas with one another |
| The United Nations statement of principles was based on the belief that | an international peacekeeping organization could settle disputes without warfare. |
| Since its establishment in 1945, the United Nations has | provided a forum for international negotiations |
| NATO was created in order to | create a unified military defense between the U. S. and Western Europe |
| A conflict has broken out between two countries. One of the countries threatens to attack the other country. What organization would most likely work to resolve the conflict between these two countries? | United Nations |
| Which of these was formed as a security alliance among the United States and its Western European allies? | North American Free Trade Agreement |