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Argument Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Quantitative Evidence Statistics that are accurate support argument- logos
Second Hand Evidence Evidence that is assessed through research, reading and investigation
Anecdote short story that can be personal and can appeal to pathos
First Hand Evidence Evidence based on something the writer knows from personal experience, observations, or general knowledge
Counterargument Thesis A summary of the counterargument is qualified, preceding the author's opinion.
Open Thesis Does not list all of the points the writer intends to cover in an essay- used often when there is more than 3 points addressed.
Closed Thesis A statement of the main idea of the argument that also previews the major points.
Bandwagon Appeal Fallacy occurs when evidence comes down to everybody else is doing something, so it must be a good thing to do
Induction The arranging in an argument so that it leads from the particulars to the universals, using a specific case to draw a conclusion.
Deduction You reach a conclusion by starting with a general principle or universal truth, and applying it to a specific case.
Syllogism A logical structure that uses the major premise and the minor premise of the text to reach a necessary conclusion.
Claim of Fact Asserts something is true or not true
Claim of Value Asserts that something is good or bad, or right or wrong
Claim of Policy Proposes a change
Red Herring A speaker skips to a new and irrelevant topic to avoid the topic of discussion.
Faulty Analogy When evidence is susceptible to the charge that two things are not comparable.
Straw Man Fallacy Occurs when a speaker uses a deliberately poor or oversimplified example in order to ridicule or refute an idea.
Introduction Draws the reader into the text by piquing their interest, challenging then, or getting their attention
Narration Provides factual information and background material on the subject; it establishes why the subject is a problem that needs addressed
Confirmation Includes the the development of the proof needed to make the writers case. It is the solid details in the text.
Refutation This is what addresses the counterargument. It is the bridge of proof between the writers proof and the evidence
Conclusion Brings text to a satisfying close, reminding the readers of the most important facts that prove the author's stance.
Created by: hayleyjourney7
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