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Chpt 6 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bone growth in length is called....growth, and bone growth in diameter (thickness) is called... growth. | Interstitial, appositional |
| The crystallized inorganic mineral salts in bone contribute to bone's..., Whereas the collagen fibers and other organic molecules provide bone with.... | Hardness, tensile strength and flexibility |
| True or false? Bone resorption involves increased activity of osteoclasts | True |
| True or false?The formation of bone from cartilage is known as endochondral ossification | True |
| True or false? The growth of bone is controlled primarily by hormones | True |
| 6. Place in order the steps involved in intramembranous ossification.. | 2,5,1,4,3 |
| Place in order the steps involved in endochondral ossification. | 3,1,5,2,4 |
| Spongy bone differs from compact bone because spongy bone... | Is composed of trabeculae that are oriented along lines of stress. |
| A primary effect that weight-bearing exercise has on bones is to... | Maintain and increase bone mass |
| Place in order the steps involved in the repair of a bone fracture. | 2,4,5,1,3 |
| Space within the shaft of the bone that contains yellow bone marrow | Medullary cavity |
| Triglyceride storage tissue | Yellow bone marrow |
| Hemopoietic tissue | Medullary cavity |
| Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the ends of bones where they form a joint | Articular cartilage |
| Distal and proximal ends of bones | Epiphyses |
| The long, cylindrical main portion of the bone; the shaft | Diaphysis |
| In a growing bone, the region that contains the epiphyseal plate | Metaphysis |
| The tough membrane that surrounds the bone surface wherever cartilage is not present | Periosteum |
| A layer of hyaline cartilage in area between the shaft and the end of growing bone | Epiphyseal plate |
| Membrane lining the medullary cavity | Endosteum |
| A remnant of the active epiphyseal plate a sign that the bone has stopped growing in length | Epiphyseal line |
| Bundles of collagen fibers that attach periosteum to bone | Perforating sharpey's fibers |
| Decreases blood calcium levels by accelerating calcium to put a composite deposition in bones and inhibiting osteoclast | CT |
| Required for collagen synthesis | Vitamin c |
| During childhood promote growth of the epiphyseal plate production stimulated by human growth hormone | Insulin-like growth factors |
| Involved in bone growth increasing osteoblast activity cause long bones stop growing in length | Sex hormones |
| Required for protein synthesis | Vitamin k |
| Active form of vitamin d raises blood calcium levels by increasing absorption of calcium from digestive tract | Calcitriol |
| Raises blood calcium levels by increasing bone resorption | PTH |
| Small spaces between lamellae and contain osteocytes | Lacunae |
| Perforating canals that penetrate compact bone k blood vessels lymphatic vessels and nerves to from the periosteum | Volkmann's canals |
| Areas between osteons fragments of old osteons | Interstitial lamellae |
| Cells that secrete the components required to build bone | Osteoblasts |
| Microscopic unit of compact bone tissue | Osteon |
| Interconnected tiny canals filled with extracellular fluid connect luchana to each other and to the central canal | Canaliculi |
| Canal's extend can also extend longitudinally through the phone and connect to the blood vessels and nerves to the osteocytes | Haversian canals |
| Large cells derived from monocytes involved in bone resorption | Osteoclasts |
| Your regular lattice thin columns of bone found in spongy bone tissue | Trabeculae |
| Rings of hard classified matrix found just beneath the periosteum and the medullary cavity | Circumferential lamellae |
| Mature cells that maintain the daily metabolism of bone | Osteocytes |
| Opening in the shaft of the bone allowing artery to pass through the bone | Nutrient foramen |
| Unspecialized stem cells derived from mesenchyme | Osteogenic cells |
| The column like layer of maturing chondrocytes | Zone of hypertrophic cartilage |
| Leader of small scattered, croats anchoring the epiphyseal plate to the Bone layer actively dividing chondrocytes | Zone of proliferating cartilage |
| Region of dead chondrocytes | Zone of calcified cartilage |
| Broken bone in which one end of the fractured bone is driven into the other end | Impact fracture |
| A condition of porous bones characterized by decreased bone mass increases susceptibility to fractures | Osteoporosis |
| Splintered bone with smaller fragments line between main fragments | Comminuted fracture |
| Broken bone that does not break through the skin | Closed simple fracture |
| Partial break in a bone in which one side of the bone is broken and the other side bends | Greenstick fracture |
| A broken bone that protrudes through the skin | Open compound fracture |
| Microscopic bone breaks resulting from inability to withstand repeate stressful impact | Stress fracture |
| Over secretion of HGH during childhood | Giantism |
| Condition characterized by a failure of new bone formed by remodeling to calcify in adults | Osteomalacia |
| Infection of bone | Osteomyelitis |
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