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Earth Science Unit 1
Vocab from unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ages | Smaller divisions of an epoch in geologic time |
| Amber | Fossilized tree sap that may contain the actual remains of ancient life |
| Astronomy | Study of our solar system and the objects in it |
| Casts | Type of fossil in which material is deposited in a space created by a dead animal or plant |
| Cenozoic | Most recent era on Earth in the geologic time scale |
| Cross-Cutting Relationship | The principle that an intrusion or fault is younger than the rock it cuts across |
| Ecology | Study of the interactions between the living things on Earth and their nonliving resources in their environments |
| Environmental Science | Study of the effects people have on their environments and Earth's resources |
| Eons | The largest division of time on the geological scale; includes Phanerozoic, Proterozoic, and Achaean |
| Epochs | Divisions within geologic periods; the smallest units of geologic time |
| Eras | Divisions within the various eons and often tied to mass extinctions or major events; divided into periods, such as Paleozoic, Mesozoic, or Cenozoic |
| Extinct | A term that typically describes a species that no longer has any known living individuals. |
| Fossils | Preserved remains of plants and animals |
| Freezing | Preservation of ancient animals and plants in areas were temperatures were below freezing for extended periods of time |
| Geologic time scale | Used to explain the history of the Earth based on rock and fossil evidence |
| Geology | Study of solid earth including rocks, minerals, and Earth's resources |
| Glaciology | The scientific study of the nature, formation, and movement of glaciers |
| Holocene | Most recent epoch on Earth in the geologic time scale |
| Hydrology | Study of underground water found between soil and rock particles |
| Igneous | Type of rock formed when lava or magma cools and hardens |
| Impression | Type of fossil in which imprints are preserved, such as footprints in a river bed |
| Index fossils | Distinctive fossils used to establish and compare the relative ages of rock layers and the fossils they contain |
| Key beds | A n easily identified strata (layer) that is distinctive enough to be useful in correlation in matching rock from different areas/regions |
| Lateral Continuity | Principle that states that an original sedimentary layer extends laterally until it tapers or thins at its edges. |
| Limnology | Study of rivers and lakes |
| Marine biology | Study of living things in the ocean |
| Meteorology | Study of Earth's atmosphere and weather |
| Mineralogy | Study of minerals and their properties |
| Molds | An open area left behind after a plant or animal remains are gone that is filled in with deposits to form cast fossils |
| Oceanography | Study of the oceans |
| Original Horizontality | Principle stating that sedimentary rocks are deposited in horizontal or nearly horizontal layers. |
| Paleontology | Study of fossils and how ancient organisms lived |
| Periods | Divisions in a specific era, such as Quaternary, Jurassic, and Cambrian |
| Petrification | The process by which organic material is turned into stone or fossils; cells are replaced with minerals |
| Phanerozoic | Most recent eon on Earth in the geologic time scale |
| Quaternary | Most recent period on Earth in the geologic time scale |
| Relative age | The age of a specific rock in comparison with other rocks; i.e. older or younger than surrounding rock |
| Rocks | Provides clues about Earth's past; classified as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic |
| Sedimentary | Type of rock in which most rocks form |
| Seismology | Study of earthquakes |
| Selenology | Study of the moon and its geology |
| Stratigraphy | The study of rock layers and the sequence of events they reflect |
| Superposition | A principle that states that younger rocks lie above older rocks if the layers have not been disturbed |
| Tar Pit | Area composed of a petroleum |
| Trilobite | A marine arthropod, now extinct, that lived during the Paleozoic era |
| Unconformity | Refers to a gap in the sequence of rock |
| Uniformitarianism | A principle that geologic processes that occurred in the past can be explained by current geologic processes |
| Volcanology | Study of volcanoes |
Created by:
ttomm