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rte1418
Physics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| matter | anything that occupies space and has form or shape |
| Mixture | when two or more substances are combined |
| atom | the smallest unit of an element |
| law of conservation | matter and energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another and remains constant |
| 3 subatomic particles | Protons,neutrons & elctrons |
| atomic number | the number of elctrons equals teh numver of protons |
| atomic mass | the nomber of prons plus the number of neutrons in the neucleus of an atom |
| 6 types of energy | mechanical,chemical,electrical,thermal,nuclear, electromegnetic |
| what is unique about electromagnetic waves | they require no medium and can travel in a vacuum |
| wavelength | the distance between any two successive points on a wave |
| frequency | the number of waves that passes a particular point given in a time frame |
| amplitude | the intensity of the wave defined by its maximal height |
| what is the relationship between frequency and wavelength | they are inversely proportional |
| octes rule | the number of electrons in the outermost shell never exceeds eight electrons |
| photon | an atom of light/bundle of energy |
| what is the speed of light | 186,400 m/s |
| what is the unit of measure for frequency | the Hertz (Hz) |
| 3 regions most important to radiologic technology on the elctromagnetic spectrum | visible light, x-radiation & radiofrequency |
| what is the relationship between energy and frequency | they have a direct relationship |
| what is significant about electromagnetic radiation vs. ultrasound | ultrasound is not part of the spectrum and requires matter |
| whats the major difference between x and gamma rays | thre origin, x are produced outside the nucleus & gamma are produced inside the nucleus of a radioactive atom |
| what is the primary function of an x-ray imaging system | to convert electric energy into electromagnetic energy |
| electrostatics | the study of staionary electric charge |
| electrons | teh smallest unit of electric charge |
| coulomb | the fundamental unit of electric charge |
| 4 laws of electrostatics | 1. unlike charges attrack, like charges repel2. coulomb law3.electric charge distributes in uniform throughout surface4. elctric sharge is a conductor and is concentrated on the sharpest point |
| volt (V) | the unit of electric potential |
| electrodynamics | the study of electric charges in motion |
| conductor | any substance through which electrons flow easily |
| insulator | any material that doesnt allow electrons to flow |
| semiconductor | a material that under some conditions behaves as an insulator and in others as a conductor |
| Ohm's law | the voltage across the total circuit or any portion of the circuit is equal to the current times the resistance |
| direct current | electrons that flow in one direction |
| alternating current | electrons that flow in opposite directions |
| watts | how electric power is measured |
| any charged particle in motion creates | a magnetic feild |
| How are magnets classified | according to teh origin of the magnetic property |
| diamagnetic | weakly repelled magnetic material |
| ferromagnetic | strongly attracted material; Iron, cobalt,nickle |
| paramagnetic | materials that lie inbetween ferro&diamagnetic |
| magnetic susceptibility | the degree to which a material can be magnetized |
| magnetic induction | when a material is made magnetic from one to anotehr by inducement |
| what is the SI unit for magnetic field strength and also the older unit | Tesla & gauss |
| electromotive force | any device that can convert anything into electric energy |
| step up transformer | a transformer with a >1 turn ratio; current is increased from primary to secondary |
| step down transformer | a transformer with a <1 turn ratio; current is decreased from primary to secondary |
| what is the most efficient type of transformer used in radiology | shell type |
| what are the 3 components of the x ray imaging system | the tube, the console, the generator |
| what is the purpose of a line compensator | measures the voltage provided to the x ray imaging system and adjust it to remain constant |
| thermionic emission | the release of electron from a heated filament |
| what type of current do transformers operate on | alternating current |
| voltage rectification | the process of converting ac to dc |
| what does less voltage ripple result in | constant power, greater quality and quantity |
| half-wave rectification | |
| full- wave rectification | |
| unrectified wave | |
| single phase ripple | 100% |
| three phase six pulse ripple | 14% |
| three phase twelve pulse ripple | 4% |
| high frequency generators | >1% |
| transformer law | Vs/Vp = Ns/Np |
| electric power formula | P=IV |
| electromagnetic wave equation | C = F*W |
| wave equation | V = F*w |
| H 1 | hydrogen |
| C 6 | CARBON |
| N 7 | NITROGEN |
| O 8 | OXYGEN |
| Al 13 | ALUMINUM |
| Ca 20 | CALCIUM |
| Cu 29 | COPPER |
| Y 39 | YTTRIUM |
| Mo 42 | MOLYBDENUM |
| Rh 45 | RHODIUM |
| Ag 47 | SILVER |
| I 53 | IODINE |
| Ba 56 | BARIUM |
| W 74 | TUNGSTEN |
| Re 75 | RHENIUM |
| Pb 82 | LEAD |
| Rn 86 | RADON |
| Ra 88 | RADIUM |
| La 57 | LANTHANIUM |
| GADOLINIUM | |
| Th 90 | THORIUM |
| Md 101 | MENDELEVIUM |
Created by:
Pruettsgirl
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