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Intro to CJ Ch. 13
Corrections: History, Institutions and Populations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The “no-frills” approach most likely resembles what correctional ideology? | Deterrence |
| A correctional facility designed to hold pretrial detainees and misdemeanors serving their criminal sentence | Jail |
| The concept of incarcerating convicted offenders for long periods of time as a punishment became norm in corrections during which century? | Nineteenth |
| The first American jail was built in which city in the early seventeenth century? | James City |
| The modern American correctional system is credited to whose work in Pennsylvania? | William Penn |
| One of the William Penn’s most noteworthy additions to the correction system was: | Removal of torture and public punishments. |
| The birthplace of the modern prison system and the Pennsylvania system of confinement was at: | Walnut Street Jail. |
| The following is not a style of the Pennsylvania System of corrections? | Congregate model |
| Of the prison systems discussed in Chapter 13, which method eventually won out as the model used in the United States? | Auburn |
| The first step toward prison reform began in Cincinnati in 1870 at the: | National Congress of Penitentiary and Reformatory Discipline |
| Zebulon Brockway is most known for being the warden of which institution, which advocated indeterminate sentencing and treatment? | Elmira Reformatory |
| What significant event in history made it mandatory to limit the amount of prison-made goods allowed for sale in the late 1920s and early 1930s? | The Great Depression |
| What act made it a federal offense to transport interstate commerce goods made in prison for private use? | The Ashurst–Sumners Act |
| After the 1770s, which country became the destination for “transported” English prisoners? | Australia |
| Which of the following is Alexander Maconochie not associated? | Creation of modern-day probation |
| The mark system is attributed to which Irish prison reformer? | Walter Crofton |
| The supervision of selected offenders from rehabilitation-style facilities in the 1870s was handled by individuals known as: | Guardians. |
| Which state created the first parole agency in 1884? | Ohio |
| Which type of new-generation jail contains a cluster of cells surrounding a living area or pod with a officers station located within this pod? | Direct-supervision jails |
| Which type of correctional institution houses dangerous felons and maintains strict security measures, high walls, and limited contact with the outside world? | Maximum-security prisons |
| Which type of prison is a less secure institution that houses nonviolent offenders and provides more opportunities for contact with the outside world? | Medium-security |
| Which type of community-based correctional facility houses inmates before their outright release so they can become gradually acclimated to conventional society? | Halfway house |
| The first private prison was opened in 1986 in which state? | Kentucky |
| Which of the following is an attempt by correctional agencies to maintain convicted offenders in society rather than in a secure facility? | Community treatment |
| What is not true about inmate populations? | Juvenile populations are on the rise for the first time since 1994; they now make up 29% of the total prison population. |
| Under which of the following systems did officials sell the labor of inmates to private organizations for use inside or outside the prison? | Contract |
| Under which of the following systems did private businesses lease prisoner labor for an annual fee and assume supervision responsibilities? | Convict-lease |
| Under which of the following systems was prisoner employment controlled by the state and goods manufactured by the prisoners sold to benefit the state? | Public account |
| Which was not an innovation advocated by Zebulon Brockway? | Corporal punishment |
| What is not a purpose of jails? | Long-term incarceration of violent offenders |
| A first-time white-collar offender would most likely be sentenced to which type of prison? | Minimum-security |
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