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Intro to CJ Ch. 12

Community Sentences, Probation, Sanctions and Restorative Justice

QuestionAnswer
As compared with jail and prison sentences for drug-related crimes, community-based drug programs have shown Less recidivism.
The common-law practice that allowed judges to suspend punishment so that convicted offenders could seek a pardon or demonstrate that they had reformed their behavior was known as: Judicial reprieve.
The medieval practice of allowing convicted offenders to go unpunished if they agreed to refrain from any further criminal behavior was known as: Recognizance.
The modern idea of probation is credited to John Augustus.
The first state in the United States to legislate probation and appoint paid probation officers was Massachusetts.
A prison term that is delayed while the defendant undergoes a period of community treatment is called Suspended sentence.
The process in which a probation officer settles cases at the initial appearance before the onset of formal criminal proceedings? Intake
The accumulation of important information on the background and activities of an offender being considered for probation is called Pres-Sentence investigation.
The assessment of the threat level probationers pose to the community and themselves Risk classification
One of the most widely advertised standardized tests used to predict failure and assigned treatment for probationers is Level of Service-Revised (LSI-R).
Which case ruled that probation officer–client relationship is not confidential and that if a crime is admitted to a probation officer the information can be passed onto the police. Minnesota v. Murphy
The Oklahoma Department of Corrections is testing a GPS-based monitoring system that uses GIS (geographic information system) to better assess an offender’s location. This is known as GeoShadow.
The significance of the case of United States v. Granderson (1994) is that it clarified: What can happen to a probationer whose community sentence is revoked.
National data indicate that what percentage of probationers successfully complete their probationary sentences? 65
Which is the group of punishments that falls between probation and prison and is primarily community-based and usually administered by probation departments? Intermediate sanctions
The case of Tate v. Short (1971) recognized that: Incarcerating individuals who could not pay fines discriminates against the poor.
Levying a money payment on offenders to compensate society for their misdeeds is called a(n): Fine.
What crime would most likely end in a sentence of a fine only Public intoxication
The condition of probation in which the offender repays society or the victim of the crime for the trouble caused by the offender? Restitution
The practice that requires convicted criminals to spend a portion of their sentence behind bars and the remainder in the community? Split sentencing.
One effect of California’s Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act, which allows offenders to participate in community-based drug programs, has been that: Clients were likely to be rearrested for a drug crime
The main goal of restitution is to Pay back the victim.
A view of the criminal justice system that focuses on crime as an act against the community rather than against the state? Restorative justice
The intended goal of restorative justice is to Repair injuries suffered by the victim and the community and ensure reintegration of the offender into the community.
A type of sentencing in which all parties, victims, offenders, community, and family members participate in an effort to devise fair and reasonable sanctions aimed at reintegration of the offender into the community? Sentencing circles
What is not a benefit of community sentencing that includes probation? Acts as a means of general deterrence
What is not a goal of Intensive Probation Supervision (IPS) programs? Restoration
Created by: Jalessi
 

 



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