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Module 11

QuestionAnswer
How did the popes increase their power and authority? By reorganizing the Church, they increased their control over legal matters, added more money to the Church through tithes, and used diplomats to further their goals.
What made the Gothic cathedrals’ architecture revolutionary? New structural engineering techniques enabled the buildings to be taller and more massive than ever before.
Gothic cathedrals took a lot of labor and years to build. How do these structures reflect the society of the time? The long-term commitment shows the power of religious feeling; the massive structure shows growing wealth and prosperity in the cities.
What benefits did the pope hope to gain by calling the First Crusade? Increase his authority over the Byzantine empire; push back the Muslims; relocate the European knights and kings who clashed with his authority.
Why did the fervor for the Crusades end? In later Crusades, the motivation was greed rather than religious zeal. After several Crusades failed to accomplish their objectives, they ended.
How did farmers take advantage of the warming climate during the Middle Ages? They planted crops in new areas and developed more productive farming methods.
How did guilds change the way business was conducted and products were made? The guilds controlled wages, prices, and standards for production and training of new workers.
How did trade fairs influence medieval society? Merchants came from all over to trade goods which improved the local availability of products and services.
Why did workers now have to be paid? Serfs were unpaid because they were supported by their feudal lords. Workers who left the manor needed to earn an income to survive.
Why were changes in financial services necessary to expand trade? Merchants needed credit, cash, and loans to expand their operations and make a profit.
How did the Church become weaker during the Great Schism? People lost respect for the church, and competition among opposing popes weakened papal and church authority.
According to the different beliefs of the time, what was the true source of religious authority? There was disagreement about where true religious authority resided. Some thought it resided with the pope, others with a Church council, and still others with the Bible alone.
Where did the plague spread in all directions? Europe
Why might the plague have divided rather than united people? The fear of catching the disease drove people even family members apart.
What is the mood of these two paintings? Somber, hopeless, chaotic, inescapable.
How did the amount of land the English held in France change from 1337 to 1429? It increased because the English won major battles by using the crossbow as their main strategy.
How did the Hundred Years’ War change the perception of people toward their king? People now saw him not as a noble ruler of a small area but as a leader of a larger unit—the nation.
Created by: 23adimick
 

 



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