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science chapter 7
Acids, Bases, and Solution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| solution | a well mixed mixture containing a solvent and at least one solute that has the same properties throughout |
| solvent | the part of a solution that is present in the largest amount a dissolves a solute |
| solute | the part of a solution present in a lesser amount and dissolved by the solvent |
| colloid | a mixture containing small, undissolved particles that do not settle |
| suspension | A mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration |
| dilute solution | a mixture that has only a little solute dissolved in it |
| concentrated solution | a mixture that has a lot of solute dissolved in it |
| solubility | a measure of how much a solute can dissolve in a given solvent at a given temperature |
| saturated solution | a mixture that contains as much dissolved solute as is possible at a given temperature |
| unsaturated solution | a mixture that contains less than is possible at a given temperature |
| supersaturated solution | a mixture that has more dissolved solute than is predicted by its at a given temperature |
| acids | a substance that taste sour, reacts with metal and carbonates, and turns blue litmus red |
| corrosive | the way in which acids react with some with some metal so as to eat away the metal |
| indicator | a compound that changes color in the presence of an acid or an base |
| bases | a substance that taste bitter, feels slippery, and turns red litmus paper blue |
| hydrogen ion | a positively charged ion formed of a hydrogen atom that has lost its electrons |
| hydroxide ion | a negatively charged ion made of oxygen and hydrogen |
| pH scale | a range of values used to express the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution |
| neutralization | a reaction of an acid with an base , yielding a solution that is not acidic or basic as the starting solutions were |
| salt | an ionic compound made from the neutralization of an acid with a base |
| digestion | the process that breaks down complex molecules of food into smaller molecules |
| mechanical digestion | the physical process that tears, grinds, and smashes large pieces of food into smaller ones |
| chemical digestion | the process that breaks large molecules in food into smaller molecules |
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