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Chem 8 Unit 1
Properties and review of 7th grade vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| physical property | A feature that can be observed or measured without changing the chemical identity of the substance. |
| chemical property | A feature that can ONLY be known by changing the chemical identity of the substance. |
| chemical properties | examples are flammability, reacts with acid, air, water |
| physical intensive properties | examples are malleability, boiling point, melting point, density, odor, ductibility, electrical/thermal conductivity, hardness, luster, magnetism, opacity, texture, solubility |
| physical extensive properties | examples are mass, length, shape, volume |
| chemical change | this occurs when something new is formed |
| physical change | this occurs but nothing new is formed |
| properties | the ways the matter can be described |
| density | the ratio of mass to volume or the amount of mass in a specific space |
| element | a substance that cannot be broken down into any substance because it is made of all the same kind of atom |
| mass | the amount of matter in something |
| atom | the smallest unit of matter |
| precipitate | a clue that a chemical change has occurred- a solid formed out of liquids interacting |
| acid | a substance that tastes sour, reacts with metals and carbonates to produce gas and can be corrosive |
| pure substances | The particles are the the same throughout so elements and compounds are, but mixtures are not. |
| diatomic molecule | 2 of the same kind of atom, this is an element and there are 7 |
| heterogeneous | particles of a mixture are visible like snack mix |
| homogenous | particles of a mixture are so well mixed they can't be seen like pudding |
| solution | the most well mixed mixture of at least 1 solute in a solvent |
| solid | a state of matter with definite mass, volume and shape |
| liquid | a state of matter with definite mass and volume, but not shape |
| gas | a state of matter with definite mass but not shape or volume |
| qualitative data | observations that are in words |
| quantitative data | observations that are in numbers |
| solute | the substance dissolving into another substance |
| solvent | the substance that another substance is dissolving in (this is usually water) |
| volume | the amount of space matter takes up |
| characteristic properties | these can be physical or chemical and are useful when identifying unknown substances because they are always true of the stubstance regardless of sample size |
| density | how heavy something is for its size |
| base | a substance that tastes bitter, feels slippery and can be corrosive |
| neutralization | a reaction between an acid and a base that produces salt and water |
| pH | the measure of how much hydrogen ion is present |
| hydroxide ion | bases usually contain this (OH-) |
| hydrogen ion | acids can release this and bases can accept it (H+) |
Created by:
mapledale7