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Chem. Ch. 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a theory or (model) | set of tested hypothesis that gives an overall explanation of some natural phenomenon |
| what is a hypothesis | a possible explanation for an observation |
| what is the law of conservation of mass | observation that the total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those materials |
| what’s the difference between a law and a theory | a law summarizes what’s happens ; theory (model) is an attempt to explain what happens |
| Mass; name the units used and the abbreviation | kilograms, kg |
| Length; name unit and abbreviation | meter, m |
| Temperature; name unit and abbreviation | kelvin, K |
| electric current, name unit and abbreviation | ampere, A |
| amount of substance, name unit and abbreviation | mole, mol |
| luminous intensity, name unit and abbreviation | candela, cd |
| what is the exponential notation for the number 1,000,000,000,000 | 10^12 |
| measurements always have some degree of ______. | uncertainty |
| what is accuracy | agreement if a value with the true value |
| what is precision | degree of agreement amoung several measurements of the same quantity |
| what are the two different types of error when referring to precision and accuracy | random and systematic |
| what is random error (indeterminate error) | measurement has equal probability of being high or low |
| what is systematic error (determinate error) | occurs in the same direction each time; either always high or always low (problems with equipment) |
| high precision amoung several measurements is an indication of accuracy only if ______ _____ is absent. | systematic error |
| what is 1.00 x 10^10 | 1,000,000,000 |
| how many significant figures in the number 100 and why | 1 because there is no decimal place behind the zeros. trailing zeros without a decimal place are NOT significant figures |
| how many significant figures does the number 100.00 have and why | 3 because there is a decimal which makes all numbers before it significant figures. |
| how many significant figures does 8.050 x 10^ -3 (0.008050) have | 4 |
| when multiplying or dividing (with different numbers of significant figures) how should your result be written? | the result is the same as the number with the least precise measurement. |
| when adding or subtracting sig figs the result should be written how | same number of decimal places as the least precise measurement |
| mixtures can be classified as what 2 things and what do they mean | homogenous (having visibly indistinguishable parts) heterogenous (having visibly distinguishable parts) |
| a homogenous solution mixture is called a _____ | solution |
| what is distillation | how readily substances become gases |
| what’s are the 3 methods of separation | distillation - filtration - chromatograph |
| what is chromatography | consists of two phases, stationary and mobile. stationary is a solid and mobile is either a liquid or gas |
Created by:
Awsten Beaver
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