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Physics definitions
all the definitions from grade 9 physics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| volcanic cell | a source of energy that generates an electric current by chemical reactions involving two different metals or metal compounds separated by a conducting solutiuon |
| battery | a connection of two or more cells |
| electrode | one of two metal terminals in a cell or battery |
| electrolyte | a solution or paste that conducts charge |
| friction | a process in which objects made from different materials rub against each other, producing a net static charge on each |
| direct current | current in which charged particles travel through a circuit in only one direction |
| insulator | a material in which electrons cannot move easily from one atom to another |
| secondary cell | a cell that can be recharged |
| primary cell | a cell that can be used only once |
| wet cell | a cell that contains a liquid electrolyte |
| dry cell | a cell that contains an electrolyte made of paste |
| conductor | a material in which electrons can move easily between atoms |
| contact | generating a net charge on a neutral object by touching it with a charged object |
| solar cell | a cell that converts sunlight into electrical energy |
| terminal | a position on a cell that must be connected to other components to form a circuit |
| switch | a control device that can complete or break the circuit to which it is connected. |
| open circuit | a circuit that contains a gap or break |
| closed circuit | a circuit that is complete with no breaks or gaps |
| semiconductor | a material in which electrons can move fairly well between atoms |
| coulomb | the quantity of charge that is equal to the charge of 6.25 x 10(18) electrons |
| ampere | the unit of electric current, equivalent to one coulomb per second |
| resistor | a device used in an electric circuit to decrease the current through a component by a specific amount. |
| load | a resistor or any other device that transforms electrical energy into heat, motion, light or sound. |
| ground | an object that can supply a very large number of electrons to, or can remove a very large number of electrons from, a charged object, thus neutralizing the object |
| electroscope | a device for detecting the presence of an electric charge |
| alternating current | a current in which electrons move back and forth in a circuit |
| potential difference | the difference between the electric potential energy per unit of charge at two points in a circuit. |
| volt | the unit for potential difference; equivalent to one joule (J) per second |
| series circuit | a circuit in which there is only one path along which electrons can flow |
| parallel circuit | a circuit in which there is more than one path along which electrons can flow |
| Ohm's law | the ratio of potential difference to current is a constant called resistance. |
| lightning rod | a metal sphere or point that is attached to the highest part of a building and connected to the ground |
| static electricity | an electric charge that tends to stay on the surface of an object, rather than flowing away quickly |
Created by:
caitlynkummer
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