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Memmlers final 1-12
ch 1-12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A reaction in which simple compounds are assembled into more complex compounds is most accurately described as a(n) | anabolic reaction |
| Dr. M is interested in diseases of the retina. The field of study best suited to his interests is | pathology |
| The anatomical adjective that describes the wrist is | carpal |
| The breakdown of complex glycogen molecules into simple glucose molecules is most accurately described as a(n) | catabolic reaction |
| The components of a negative feedback system in correct order of function are | sensor, control center, effector |
| The correct order of body organization from simplest to most complex is | cell, tissue, organ, system , organism |
| The dorsal body cavity contains | brain and spinal cord |
| The iliac region of the abdomen is also called the | inguinal region |
| The most study most suitable for an anatomist would be | the structure of the stomach |
| A basic substance could have a pH of | 12 |
| A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded is a(n) | mixture |
| A common isotope of sodium is called sodium-24, based on its atomic weight. The atomic weight can be calculated by adding the number of protons and the number of neutrons. The atomic number of sodium is 11. How many neutrons does sodium-24 have? | 13 |
| A hydrophobic substance | repels water |
| A mixture in which the components remain evenly distributed is a(n) | solution |
| A molecule of oxygen is formed by a(n) | nonpolar covalent bond |
| A non-separating suspension can be described as a(n) | colloid |
| A substance composed of two or more different elements participating in a chemical bond is a(n) | compound |
| A substance that dissolves in another substance is a | solute |
| A subunit of an element is a(n) | atom |
| A nucleotide contains a nitrogen base, a sugar unit, and a | phosphate unit |
| Based on your knowledge of word parts, the most likely definition of the word endosome is | body within |
| Droplets of fluid are taken in by the cell using the process of | pinocytosis |
| Endocytosis and exocytosis are examples of | bulk transport |
| If a cell lacked centrioles, it would not be able to | divide |
| Ribosomes participate in the process of | translation |
| Small projections of the plasma membrane that aid in absorption of materials are | microvilli |
| The correct order of the stages in mitosis is | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| The major lipids in the plasma membrane are | phospholipids and cholesterol |
| Osteocytes are to bone as chondrocytes are to | cartilage |
| Rheumatoid arthritis results from inflammation of which of the following membranes? | synovial membranes |
| The name of the connective tissue band connecting two bones is a | ligament |
| The removal of living tissue for microscopic examination is called | biopsy |
| The support cells of the nervous system are | neuroglia |
| The tissue that surrounds the heart is | pericardium |
| Transitional epithelilum is tissue that | can stretch to accomplish its function |
| Which of the following is an epithelial tissue membrane? | peritoneum |
| Which of the following treatments involves the use of antineoplastic agents? | chemotherapy |
| You are studying a slide of a body tissue, but the label has rubbed off. You see a few cells that do not contact each other, many elastic fibers, and collagen. The tissue that is most likely on the slide is | areolar connective tissue |
| An autoclave is used for | sterilization |
| An infectious agent composed entirely of protein is called a(n) | prion |
| An objective indication of disease is called a(n) | sign |
| An obligate intracellular parasite lives | only in living cells |
| include the chlamydiae | Bacteria |
| Chlamydiae are responsible for | trachoma and parrot fever |
| Mr. J has been feeling nauseated. Nausea is an example of a(n) | symptoms |
| Ms. L undertook a round-the-world tour. She was incredibly unlucky and returned home w Legionnaires disease and typhoid fever. Her doctor took a blood sample for viewing under the microscope. The most abundant type of bacteria would have been shaped like | straight, slender rods |
| Organisms that normally live on or in the body make up the | normal flora |
| Round bacteria arranged in a cluster are called | staphylococci |
| A common term for a pressure ulcer is | bed sore |
| A small sac full of fluid is called | vesicle (bulla) |
| An excoriation is a(n) | scratch into the skin |
| Another name for hypodermis is | subcutaneous layer |
| Dense connective tissue, nerves, and accessory structures of the skin are especially abundant in the | dermis |
| Ms. J spent a month in Florida and returned to Ohio with a light tan. The tan reflects an increase in | melanin |
| Nail-forming epidermal cells develop | under the nail's proximal end |
| Redness of the skin is called | erythema |
| The best treatment for shingles is a(n) | antiviral drug |
| The keratin-filled uppermost layer of the epidermis is called | stratum corneum |
| A malleolus is found on the | tibia and fibula |
| A short bony channel is called a | meatus |
| An air space within bone is called a | sinus |
| An osteosarcoma is a | malignant tumor of the bone |
| Bone growth occurs in children in the | epiphyseal plates |
| Cells involved in bone resorption are | osteoclasts |
| Freely movable joints are also called | diathroses |
| How many pairs of true ribs are found in the adult thorax? | 7 |
| How many phalanges are found in each hand? | 14 |
| Infant L is being breast fed and is kept out of the sun due to her very fair complexion. Her pediatrician fears she might be deficient in vitamin D and recommends a dietary supplement to avoid the possibility of her developing | rickets |
| An antagonist to the adductor group of the thigh is the | gluteus medius |
| An antagonist to the gastrocnemius is the | tibialis anterior |
| An isotonic contraction in which a muscle lengthens as it exerts force as in lowering a weight is called a(n) | eccentric contraction |
| Exercise results in | dilation of red blood vessels |
| In anatomic lever systems, the fulcrum is the | joint |
| In naming muscies, the suffix-ceps means | attachment points |
| Inflammation of connective tissues is called | fibrositis |
| Pushing the feet against the floor is an example of a(n) | Pushing the feet against the floor is an example of a(n) |
| The compound that stores oxygen in muscle cells is | myoglobin |
| The disease myasthenia gravis is characterized by a lack of muscle strength. The word root in the name that means strength is | sthen/o |
| A collection of neuron cell bodies outside the central nervous system is called a | ganglion |
| At a synapse, which direction does transmission usually occur | from the presynaptic cell to the postsynaptic cell |
| Based on your knowledge of word parts, what does cardioplegia mean? | paralysis of the heart |
| Before the start of an action potential, the neuron membrane is | at rest |
| Mr. Y was in a motor vehicle accident and is unable to move his arms or legs. Mr. Y suffers from | tetra plegia |
| Ms. L has been experiencing muscle weakness. Her physician informs her that she has abnormal antibodies attacking the myelin sheath around neurons in her central nervous system. The most likely diagnosis is | multiple sclerosis |
| Potassium channels open late in the action potential to cause membrane | repolarization |
| Regions innervated by the brachial plexus include the | arm and shoulder |
| A deep groove in the brain is called a | fissure |
| Bleeding into the space between the dura mater and the skull results in a(n) | epidural hematoma |
| Cerebrospinal fluid flows from the fourth ventricle to the | central canal of the spinal cord |
| Difficulty in forming words indicates an injury to the | broca area |
| Glaucoma is associated with excess eye fluid. The excess fluid exerts pressure on the nerve receiving visual input from the eye, known as the | optic nerve |
| Injury to cranial nerve VII results in | temporary facial paralysis |
| Multi-infarct dementia results from | a series of small cerebrovascular accidents |
| The "little brain'" located beneath the posterior part of the cerebral hemispheres is the | cerebellum |
| The band of white matter that bridges the right and left hemispheres is the | corpus callosum |
| The cerebral cortex area that receives nerve impulses from the skin is the | primary sensory area of the parietal lobe |
| The cranial nerve that supplies motor impulses to the tongue is the | hypoglossal nerve |
| The cranial nerves that contain all or mostly motor fibers are | III, IV, VI, XI, and XII |
| The disorder that is characterized by abnormal electrical activity in the brain that results in seizures is | epilepsy |
| Cranial nerve VIll is named the | vestibulocochlear nerve |
| Gustation refers to the sense of | taste |
| Night blindness is caused by a deficiency in vitamin | A |
| Olfactory eplthelium is involved in the sense of | smell |
| One of the five basic tastes is umami, which tastes | savory |
| Rhodopsin is the pigment found in the | rods |
| Tactile corpuscles are associated with the sense of | touch |
| Tears are produced in the | lacrimal gland |
| The blind spot is also called the | optic disk |
| The equillbrium receptors that respond to acceleration in a straight line are located in the | vestibule |
| A hormone that increases sodium loss and lowers blood pressure is | atrial natriuretic peptide |
| A word ending for a hormone that controls another gland is | -tropin |
| An emergency treatment for anaphylaxis is | epinephrine |
| An example of a mineralocorticoid is | Aldosterone |
| Cortisol is produced by the | adrenal cortex |
| Diabetes insipidus results from a lack of | antidiuretic hormone |
| Hormones involved in caicium metabolism are mainly | parathyroid hormone and calcitriol |
| Ketoacidosis is a metabolic disorder associated with | diabetes mellitus |
| Local hormones produced by most body tissues are | prostaglandins |
| Mr. R is 54 years old. For the past two years, he has suffered from high blood sugar, frequent urination, and thirst. What is the most likely diagnosis? | type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| Nephromegaly is | enlargement of the kidney |
| Oral contraceptives contain | estrogen and progesterone |
| The adrenal medulla responds to stimulation by the | sympathetic nervous system |
| The islets of Langerhans are found in the | pancreas |
| The large gland located on either side of the larynx is the | thyroid gland |
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