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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the term used to describe the process of removing al spoiled linen, waste, & instruments from the room & cleaning of furniture floors, or other contaminated surfaces in preparation 4 opening new supplies for a subsequent case? | TURNOVER |
| Which part of the instrument processing is performed intraoperatively (pg. 146) | Wiping instruments (sterile water/basin); wiping w/ sterile water |
| Which sterilization method is most commonly used, safest, least expensive, and appropriate for the majority of surgical instruments? | saturated steam |
| why are large steam sterilizers loaded with space between wrapped items? | it allows adequate circulation and penetration of steam to all surfaces. |
| What type of packing container system has filters/removable locking mechanisms? | rigid containers |
| Where should the biological test pack be placed on the steam sterilization cart for the first run of the day? | Bottom rack, front of sterilizer, over the drain |
| what is the term 4 the condition of a surgical technologist's skin after performing scrub | surgically clean |
| The biological indicator (BI) for the steam sterilization method is: | Geobacillus stearothemophiles |
| which type of chemical solution is made of catalysts that aid in breaking down proteinaceous debris such as blood & fat? | enzymatic |
| The name of the outside area of an autoclave where the steam is created before it is injected into the interior compartment/chamber? | outer metal jacket |
| what is the term 4 inanimate objects that harbor microorganisms that contribute to environmental contamination? | FOMITES |
| What is the exposer phase time for an unwrapped instrument with some lumens in a pre-vacuum dynamic-air-removal auto clave? | 4 min |
| Which of the following statements regarding peracetic acid sterilized items are correct? | Cassettes are not sealed, due to liquid immersion during the process, so they cannot be stored |
| which of the following would be an appropriate cleaning method for use on an animate object? | antiseptic |
| which of the following would you never put in the immediate use Flash-sterilization? | implants |
| Gravity displacement steam sterilizer cycles are shorter than pre-vacuum cycles? T/F | F |
| Which type of wrapper material is compatible with the hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization method? | Tyvek |
| Barriers (I.e. Back table, drapes). What is the term used to describe a barrier, such as plastic-backed table cover, that does NOT allow for passage of water/liquid through it? | impervious |
| What is the cleaning method for surgical instrumentation, the work off sound waves, of bubbles imploding, creating a vacuum that dislodges minute particles in the crevices of instruments ? | ultrasonic cleaner |
| Which kind of quality control device consists of a paper that has been impregnated with a dye that changes color in the presence of a specific temperature and sterilant? | chemical indicator |
| Personnel in CSPD who must move instruments from the ethylene oxide sterilizer to an aeration room should do which of the following with the cart to reduce their exposure to vented gases? | pull it |
| The most important factor in a surgical technologist's role to prevent surgical site infections | strict surgical conscience |
| Sterilely attired surgical team members should pass one another in any of the following ways EXCEPT: a. Front to back b. Back to back c. Rotating 360 degrees around d. Front to front | a. front to back |
| What type of surgical instrument that you would never immerse in any type of mechanical-decontamination equipment? | powered |
| When the surgically attired ST drapes an unsterile table, he or she opens the drape? | toward him/herself 1st |
| Another name for the intermediate-level disinfectant Phenol | carbolic acid |
| What would be appropriate for soaking instruments during surgical procedures? | sterile water |
| Instruments that must be cleaned with a tube brush, pipe cleaner, bristle brush, or hand held pressure gun? | suction tip lumens, instruments w/ lumen |
| When nested basin sets are being sterilized, how should they be placed in the steam sterilizer? | fold side down w/ a towel used to separate them |
| Which method of sterilization uses gamma rays, or beta particles and is cheaply used by large manufacturing companies? | ionizing radiation |
| CidexTM is the trade name for which of the following methods of sterilization? | glutaraldehyde |
| What is the risk of putting instruments with dis-similar metals, such as stainless steel with brass or copper in a washer-sterilizer cycle? | ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTION REACTION |
| A nonsterile person should approach a sterile area face forward while maintaining a distance of: | 12 inches |
| The common name for a high-level disinfectant Sodium Hypochlorite | bleach |
| Contamination caused by passage of microorganisms through a sterilized package by way of moisture wicking is termed: | strike-through |
| Which method of chemical sterilization has limitations based on the challenge of diffusion into narrow lumens | hydrogen peroxide gas plasma |
| which of the following concepts has replaced the previous system of assessing storage conditions & package integrity based on an arbitrary expiration designation? | |
| Why are instruments placed in perforated or mesh bottom trays for sterilization ? | penetration of sterilant |
| T or F: internal chemical indicator/ integrators should be placed in the center or most challenging portion of the tray for the sterilant to reach. | T |
| what is the type of process the ultrasonic cleaner uses to dislodge particles of soil & organic debris? | cavitation |
| Why are items disinfected or sterilized in activated glutaraldehyde dried prior to submersion? | moisture will eventually dilute the concentration to ineffective levels. |
| how should air hoses of powered instruments or fiber-optic light cords placed in rigid container trays for sterilization? | coiled loosely in perforated or mesh basket |
| What is the relationship of steam pressure to temperature in steam sterilizer? | increased pressure increases temperature |
| which of the following is the dating system that denotes the # of the calendar day in 1 through 365/366? | julian |
| When opening a wrapped item such as a gown on a Mayo stand, the contents and wrappers are considered sterile up to what distance from the edge of the wrapper? | 1 inch from the edge |
| All of the following are environmental specifications for the decontamination room in CSPD EXCEPT: a. Humidity between 35 -72% b. Air exchange rate, minimum of 10 per hour c. Positive air pressure maintained d. Temperature between 64 -70 degrees F | c. positive air pressure maintained |
| what is the weight that AAMI has recommended instrument sets should not exceed? | 25lbs |
| The Bowie-Dick test is performed for which sterilization method? | prevacuum air removal steam |
| When opening up a sterile package, what is the most important thing to verify about the package? | integrity |
| T or F: The relative humidity in an ethylene oxide sterilizer should be below 30% to aid in the penetration of the gas through bacterial spores protective coating. | F |
| what is the term for the process of lubricating stiffened stainless steel surgical instruments by immersion in a water-soluble solution? | milking |
| what is the advantage of using ethylene oxide gas sterilization? | it is safe for heat &moisture sensitive items. |
| which term means the number of microbes or amount of organic debris on an object at any given time? | bioburden |
| which of the following patient care items would be classified as noncritical? | pulse oximeters |
| During manual cleaning of surgical instruments, what type of solution should be used? | lukewarm water, detergent, and enzymatic cleaner w/neutral pH |
| in steam sterilization, thermal destruction of microbes is the result of the denaturation & coagulation of protein within the cells T/F | T |
| Which of the following is an acceptable position for your hands when you are scrubbed in? | clasped 2gether in front at waist level |
| Which sterilization method presents the greatest exposure risk to CSPD personnel, is expensive, and requires the longest total cycle time? | ethylene oxide |
| the physical or chemical process by which all living microorganisms including spores, are killed is: | sterilization |
| The recommended biological indicator for hydrogen peroxide gas plasma is: | bacillus atrophaeus |
| Sterilization process monitors include mechanical, chemical, and biological methods to ensure all parameters were met. T/F | T |
| A chemical that is a high-level disinfectant at 20 to 30 minutes and a sterilant for instruments emerged for 10 hours is | glutaraldehyde |
| How long is a steam biological indicator going to be incubated before the reading is recorded? | 24 hours |
| which of the following diseases is NOT a form of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy? | toxic shock |
| which of the following is NOT a classification of patient care items? | hypercritical |
| which of the following should be used by surgical team members to prevent potential injury from tasks involving heavy lifting, moving of equipment or patients, and long periods of standing or sitting? | proper body mechanics |
| what are the preferred characteristics common to the walls, floors, cabinets, and doors in an operating room? | nonporous & waterproof |
| which of the following terms relates to the potential impact on personnel from the duties of the job description or the handling & use of equipment & supplies encountered within the preoperative environment? | ergonomics |
| where are the surgical instruments "booms" mounted in an operating room? | ceiling |
| Polymethyl methacrylate is a gas used to sterilize heat sensitive surgical instruments, but must be aerated from items before use on the patient T/F | f |
| An operating room where a surgical procedure is in progress would be considered what type of area? | restricted |
| What term is used 4 the smoke that is generated by use of a laser of electrosurgical unit pencil on tissue? | plume |
| What type of procedure would be required an operating table w/ a fluid drain pan attachment? | cystoscopy (or urology) |
| What is the chemical name of the liquid mixture used as bone cement for placement 4 protheses | polymethyl methacrylate |
| What distance from the impact site of laser beam on tissue should the smoke evacuator b positioned 2 capture 98 percent of the plume? | 1 centimeter |
| The emergency shut off valve for the supply of oxygen into an operating room is designated by which color? | green |
| Which of the following is the mnemonic used to remember the steps for operating a fire extinguisher? | PASS |
| What is the abbreviation for the sets of references that provide info about all potentially hazardous chemicals used in the perioperative setting & must be accessible to health care workers? | MSDS ( Material Safety Data Sheets) |
| A strategy to avoid intraoperative sharps injuries is to establish & use which type of zone? | neutral zone |
| which governmental agency mandates that operating rooms have a biohazard exposure control plan & make personnel protective equipment available 4 personnel risk? | OSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration) |
| which of the following is the large piece of OR furniture onto which most sterile supplies are opened & organized 4 use during a case? | back table |
| Frozen section biopsies are sent to which hospital department fro analysis? | pathology |
| Locker rooms, administrative offices, & the departmental main desk are examples of semi restricted areas in the OR suites. T/ F | F |
| Which characteristic of surgical overhead lights allows the surgeon to differentiate between colors of arterial & venous blood or subtle color changes in tissues? | light bulbs that approximate sunlight |
| which type of natural immunoglobuns are responsible for the type 1 serious allergic reactions to rubber-containing items? | IgM |
| Why would surface-mounted sliding doors be preferred over swinging doors in a operating room? | reduces air turbulence |
| Which of the following is NOT a category of hazard 4 OR personnel or surgical patients? | physiological |
| which of the following acronyms refers to the immunoassay used to diagnose latex allergy? | RAST |
| Which of the following is the mnemonic used to remember the steps to take in the event of a surgical fire? | RACE |
| Equipment w/ the highest potential 4 serving as ignition sources in surgical fires include all the following except: | phacoemulsification probes |
| effective surgical smoke evacuator units suction & filter particles as small as: | 0.1 -0.5 nanometers |
| which of the following components of personnel protective equipment (PPE) are worn for procedures using fluoroscopy | lead apron & thyroid shield |
| the pt of the complete ESU circuit that delivers alternating current back from exposed tissue to ESU generator is the | patient return electrode |
| the physical design of an OR suite is designed to control personnel, patient, and supply traffic & may be of a race track, hotel , or specialty group T/F | T |
| The Wilson frame is used for positioning a patient in which of the following surgical positions/ | prone |
| All of the following are articulating breakpoints or removable sections of an operating table except | side |
| which of the following organizations sets standards for electrical safety, sterilization, and use of medical devices? | AAMI |
| Infectious, blood saturated and dripping, regulating medical waste should be contained and discarded in red bags w/ biohazard symbol. T/F | t |
| Which of the following is a substance that is derived from tropical trees & that patients & health care workers may be highly allergic to? | latex |
| The visual representation of the components necessary to support a fire is which of the following geometric shapes? | triangle |
| What are the center of disease control and prevention (CDC) guidelines for OR air exchanges per hour? | 20-25 w/ 20percent fresh outside air |
| which of the following is NOT part of a three prong plug? | Bipolar wire/prongs |
| which of the following is the type of head fixation device that attaches to the operating table used frequently for craniotomy procedures? | Mayfield brace |
| which of the following would be least damaging to and most effective on a fire involving a laser generator or electrosurgical unit? | Class D Halon extinguisher sprayed on unit |
| which type of electricity is generated primarily by friction between two surfaces? | Static |
| what is the electrical engineering safety device required for all operating room electrical outlets? | Ground fault interrupter |
| what is the name of the system attached to all anesthesia machines to remove waste anesthesia gases? | Scavenger |
| which type of ventilation system provides a supply of clean air and reduces contaminants and fumes from the OR? | Positive, unidirectional |
| which piece of OR furniture is usually the MOST proximal to the operative site? | Mayo stand |
| Which of the following is commonly used as a tissue fixative and preservative for surgical specimens sent to pathology? | Formalin |
| which of the following national agencies is an arm of the CDC and functions under the U.S Department of Health and Human Services to research and establish permissible exposure limits for chemical vapors and gases? | NIOSH |
| Which of the following diagnostic studies emits ionizing radiation? | Fluoroscopy |
| all of the following are ways to reduce personnel radiological exposure EXCEPT | Amplification |
| What distance from the portable x ray unit should sterile members of the surgical team stand to reduce their exposure while the image is being taken? | 6ft, as far away as possible |
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