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Chapter 5 Vocabulary
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| electromagnetic radiation | a form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space |
| wavelength | the length, frequency, amplitude, and speed |
| frequency | the number of waves that pass a given point per second |
| amplitude | the waves height from the origin to a crest, or from the origin to a trough |
| electromagnetic spectrum | encompasses all forms of electromagnetic radiation |
| quantum | the minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom |
| Planck's Constant | has a value of 6.626 x 10-34 j * s, where J is the symbol for the joule, the SI unit of energy |
| photoelectric effect | surfaces when light of a certain frequency shines on the surfaces |
| photon | a particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy |
| atomic emission spectrum | an element is the set of frequencies of the electromagnetic waves emitted by atoms of an element |
| ground state | the lowest allowable energy state of an atom |
| de broglie equation | predicts that all moving particles have wave characteristics |
| heisenberg uncertainty principle | states that it is fundamentally impossible to know precisely both the velocity and position of a particle at the same time |
| quantum mechanical model of the atom | the atomic model in which electrons are treated as waves |
| atomic orbital | a three-dimensional region around the nucleus |
| principal quantum numbers | indicate the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals |
| principal energy levels | specifies the atoms major energy levels |
| energy sublevels | part of energy levels |
| electron configuraton | arrangement of electrons in an atom |
| aufbau principle | states that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available |
| pauli exclusion principle | states that a maximum or two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital, but only if the electrons have opposite spins |
| hund's rule | states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals |
| valence electron | are defined as electrons in the atom's outermost orbitals-generally those orbitals associated with the atom's highest principal energy level |
| electron-dot structure | consisits of the element's symbol, which represents the atomic nucleus and inner-level electrons,surrounded by dots representing the atom's valence electrons. |
Created by:
Baby-Gurl2010
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