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ch.5 vocab.
terms and definations to study
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| electromagnetic radiation | a formof energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels |
| wavelength | the shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave |
| frequency | the number of waves that pass a given point per second |
| amplitude | the wave's height from the origin to a crest or from the origin to a trough |
| electromagnetic spectrum | encompasses all forms of electromagnetic radiation with the only difference in the types of radiation being their frequencies and wavelengths |
| quantum | the minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom |
| Planck's constant | h which hasa value of 6.626X10^-34 J*s where J is the symbol for the joule |
| photoelectric effect | electrons called photoelectronsare emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface |
| atomic emission spectrum | the set of frequencies of the electromagnetic waves emitted b y atoms of the element |
| ground state | lowest allowable energy state of an atom |
| de Broglie equation | predicts that all moving particles have wave characteristics. |
| Heisenberg uncertainty principle | states that it is fundamentally impossible to know precisely both the veloocity and position of a particle at the same time. |
| quantum mechanical model of the atom | the atomic mdel in which electrons are treated as waves |
| atomic orbital | three dimensional region around the nucleus that describes the electron's probable location |
| principle quantum numbers | that indicate the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals |
| principal energy levels | the atom's energy levels |
| energy sublevels | the level that are contained in principal energy levels |
| electron configuration | the arrangement of electrons in an atom |
| aufbau principle | states that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available |
| Pauli excusion principles | states that a maximum of two electrons may occcupy a single atomic orbital but only if the electrons have opposite signs |
| Hund's rule | states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals. |
| valence electrons | the electrons in the atom's outermost orbitals. |
| electron dot structure | represents the atomic nuleus and inner-level electrons. |
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rosesword
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