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chapter 5 vocab.....
terms and definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| electromagnetic radiation | a form of energy that exhibits wave like behaviors as it travels through space |
| wave length | a shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave |
| frequency | the number of waves that pass a certain point per second |
| amplitude | a waves height from the origin to the crest or from the origin to a trough |
| electromagnetic spectrum | consist of all forms of the electromagnetic radiation with the only differences being their frequency and waves length |
| quantum | the minnimum amount of energy that can gained or lost by an atom |
| photoelectric effect | electrons called photoelectrons are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface |
| photon | a particle of a electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy |
| atomic emission spectrum | the set of frequencies of the electromagnetic waves emitted by atoms of the elements |
| ground state | the lowest allowable energy state of an atom |
| de Broglie equation | predicts that all moving particles have wave characteristics |
| Heisenberg uncertainty principle | states that it is fundamentally impossible to know both the velocity and position of a particle at the same time |
| atomic orbital | a three dimensional region around the nucleus |
| principle quantum numbers | indicates the relative sizes and energies of an atomic orbital |
| principle energy levels | atoms major energy levels |
| energy sublevels | atoms principle energy levels |
| electron configuration | arrangement of electrons in an atom |
| aufbau principle | states that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available |
| pauli exclusion principle | states that a maximum of two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital but only if the electrons have opposite spins |
| hund's rule | states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy equal energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals |
| valence electrons | electrons in the atom's outermost orbital |
| electron-dot structure | consist of the element's symbol which represents the atomic nucleus and inner-level electrons surrounded by dots representing the atom's valence electrons |
Created by:
Shaquika
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