Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
CH 7 ST120
Preventing perioperative Disease transmission
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Absence of pathogenic microorganisms | asepsis |
| Microbe capable of causing disease | pathogen |
| An inanimate object that harbors microorganisms | fomite |
| Number of microbes or organic debris with which an object is contaminated | bioburden |
| Contamination of a person or object by another | cross-contamination |
| Sterility related to handling of an item rather than time elapsed, | event related sterility |
| Free of all microorganisms, including spores | sterile |
| Persistent form of certain types of bacteria that allows it to survive in adverse conditions | spore |
| Type of HAI | surgical site infection |
| Type of symbiosis whereby one benefits while the other is harmed | parasitism |
| Pathogen outside the intestine; common UTI, | Escherichia coli |
| Most common SSI pathogen, found commonly on skin, | staphylococcus aureus |
| Virus causing chronic disease without jaundice, | Hep C |
| Prion transferred via items contaminated with CNS tissue, | Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease |
| Gram-positive aerobic cocci; causes rheumatic fever, | streptococcus pyogenes |
| Gram-negative rod found commonly in burns | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| Spore-forming anaerobic gram-positive rod; causes gas gangrene, | Clostridium perfringens |
| Transmissible airborne nuclei; identified via positive acid-fast stain and culture; may be MDR | mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| Opportunistic fungus that affects the immunocompromised, | Candida albicans |
| Gram-negative rod that causes ulcers | Helicobacter pylori |
| Identify the following items as requiring sterilization: critical (C), high-level disinfection; semicritical (S) or low- to intermediate-level decontamination; noncritical (N). RECTAL PROBE THERAMETER | classification: semi critical Required processing: High level disinfection |
| Identify the following items as requiring sterilization: critical (C), high-level disinfection; semicritical (S) or low- to intermediate-level decontamination; noncritical (N). BIOPSY | classification: critical required processing: sterilization |
| Identify the following items as requiring sterilization: critical (C), high-level disinfection; semicritical (S) or low- to intermediate-level decontamination; noncritical (N). ORAL AIRWAY | classification: semi critical required processing: high level disinfection |
| The ultrasonic cleaner uses the process of cavitation for cleaning instruments. T or F | TRUE |
| Contact time and the amount of bioburden on an item do not influence the efficiency of disinfectants. T or F | F |
| Bacterial meningitis may be caused by aerobic gram-negative cocci called N. meningitides. T/F | T |
| Glutaraldehyde requires a minimum exposure time of 20 minutes to disinfect an item. | T |
| Instruments should always be soaked in saline to initiate the cleaning process prior to the end of the case. | F |
| Infection spread by contaminated instruments is an example of direct contact transmission. T/F | F |
| Contamination of a sterile field that occurs through the passage of fluid through a microbial barrier or through a puncture in a microbial barrier is called: | strike through contanimation |
| A substance that is commonly used on living tissue to inhibit the growth and reproduction of microbes in order to prevent infection is called a(n): | antiseptic |
| An agent that destroys viruses is called a: | virucide |
| Clean items are considered mechanically cleaned, chemically disinfected, and sterile. T/F | F |
| A _____ is an inanimate object upon which pathogens may be conveyed. | fomite |
| Bacilli are generally spherically shaped bacteria. T/F | F |
| A postoperative cholecystectomy wound infection from contact with the patient’s own gallbladder is an indirect contact wound infection. T/F | F |
| Escherichia coli resides within the lumen of the intestines in humans. T/F | T |
| Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a: | mycobacterium |
| Aerobic bacteria must have oxygen to survive. T/F | T |
| Joseph Lister is considered the father of antiseptic surgery. T/F | T |
| An infection carried in blood products is called common vehicle spread. T/F | true |
| _____ are generally rod-shaped bacteria. a. coccus b. bacilli c. fomites d. viruses | b. bacilli |
| The multiplication of organisms in the tissue of a host is called: | infection |
| An infection that is usually accompanied by fever and results from the presence of pathogenic microorganisms is called: | sepsis |
| A living carrier that transmits disease is called a: a. vector b. sepsis c. fomite d. resident flora | a. vector |
| Items that have been rendered free of all living organisms, including spores, are called: | sterile |
| Items that are mechanically cleaned and chemically disinfected but not sterile are called: a. aseptic b. antiseptic c. surgically clean d. pathogenic | c. surgically clean |
| Bacteria that require an oxygen level that is lower than that of normal air but still require oxygen are called: a. thermophilic b. aerobic c. microaerophilic d. anaerobic | c. Microaerophilic |
| A gown should not be constructed of a breathable material. T/F | F |
| _____ are generally spherically shaped bacteria. | cocci |
| An infection that is spread through the air by sneeze droplets is called airborne spread. T/F | T |
| Powered surgical instruments, drills, reamers, and saws should never be? | immersed |
| The ultrasonic cleaner is a piece of equipment that? | Uses cavitation to clean instruments |
| The two most common types of folds for wrapping surgical instrument sets for sterilization are? | square & envelope |
| Escherichia coli which reside inside the human intestines are an example of? a. Parasitism . b. commenalism c. mutualism . d. neutralism | c. mutualism |
| Lisa is being oriented at a new surgical center. The director states that all of the sterile instrument baskets are not dated for expiration. Lisa assumes that the facility policy in regards to sterile items is? | event-related sterility policy |
| Ethylene Oxide or gas sterilization is one of the most expensive methods used to sterilize items. When using this process a ________ is necessary and ______ is required prior to instrument use. | biological and aeration |
| The pathogen associate with symptoms of diarrhea and is life threatening in children is? | clostridium difficile |
| The minimum temperature for a gravity displacement steam sterilizer is _______________ while the minimum the minimum temperature for a dynamic air removal steam sterilizer is _________. | 250 F/270 F |
| A Biological indicator is the test measure by which sterility is assured. When a BI turns yellow after 24 hours of incubation, this indicates? | biological growth failure |
| The bacterial pathogen commonly associated with post operative wound infections is? a. Salmonella b. Meningitides c. staphylococcus d. streptococcus | c. staphylococcus |
| Glutaraldehyde is a high level disinfectant that can also be used as a sterilant. An item will need to be immersed in CIDEX for ________ to be considered sterile and for _________ to be considered high level disinfected. | 10 hrs/ 20 min |
| The bacterial pathogen clostridium perfringens, is related to poor circulation and can lead to amputation for the patient. This bacteria is also called? | gas gangrene |
| The Bowie Dick test or the DART tests are used in steam sterilizers to? | air removal & entrapment |
| A washer sterilizer renders surgical instrumentation? a. sterile b. safe to use on patients c. Safe for reprocessing by CSPD personal d. Ready for transport to the OR | c. Safe for reprocessing by CSPD personal |
| The STERRAD sterilization machine uses _____ for sterilization? | hydrogen peroxide |
| printed label contains | a julian date ( number of calender days), identification of sterilizer, and cycle number |
| Which part of the instrument processing is performed intraoperatively (pg. 146) | Wiping instruments (sterile water/basin) |
| The AAMI recommends that instrument cases should not weigh more than? | 25lbs |
| A chemical that is a high-level disinfectant at 20 to 30 minutes and a sterilant for instruments emerged for 10 hours is | Glutaraldehyde |
| What type of packing container system has filters/locking mechanisms | rigid containers |
| A biological indicator for steam sterilization/method for testing, contains the bacterial spore ( pg. 166) | Geobacillus stearothermophilus (spore) |
| Barriers (I.e. Back table, drapes). What is the term used to describe that water/liquid can't go through it? | impervious |
| Moisture that occurs on the outside or with in a package/instruments that must be considered contaminated. Moisture creates a pathway for Microorganisms from the outside to the inside of the package through wicking action and ? (Pg. 166) | strike-through contanimation |
| The type of sterilization method most commonly used is? | steam |
| Classifications for patient care items? | Critical (sterilized), semi-critical (high-level disinfection), and non-critical (intermediate-level or low level disinfection) |
| What is the condition of the skin after a surgical scrub? | surgically clean |
| For a patient care items the pulse ox is considered | non critical |
| The appropriate cleaning method for an animate object | antiseptic |
| The reason why large steam sterilizer's are loaded with space in between items? | So steam can circulate and penetrate all surfaces |
| How should fiber optics/air hoses be placed on a tray during sterilization? | Loosely coiled in a perforated/mesh basket |
| The common name for a high-level disinfectant Sodium Hypochlorite | household bleach |
| Another name for the intermediate-level disinfectant Phenol | carbolic acid |
| Decontamination between procedures, such as removing soiled linens and waste bags, wiping down the OR furniture and surgical lights, mopping the floor, and spot cleaning the walls | turn-over |
| Instruments that must be cleaned with a tube brush, pipe cleaner, bristle brush, or hand held pressure gun? | instruments w/ lumens or suction tip lumens |
| What would be appropriate for soaking instruments covered with bioburden during surgical procedures? | sterile water |
| Manual cleaning of surgical instruments pre-soaking solution contains: | Sterile luke-warm water,enzymatic solution, and detergent solution |
| What is the risk of putting instruments with dis-similar metals, such as stainless steel with brass or copper in a washer-sterilizer cycle? | Electrolytic conduction reaction |
| What is an acceptable position for your hands when you are scrubbed in? | Clasp hands together, at waist level |
| What type of surgical instrument that you would never immerse in any type of chemical-decontamination equipment? | powered |
| When opening up a sterile package, what is the most important thing to verify about the package? | integrity |
| The term used for the process of lubricating surgical instruments ? | milking |
| Why would an item being disinfected or sterilized in activated Glutaraldehyde be dried prior to submersion? | The moisture would dilute the solution affecting its effectiveness |
| What is the cleaning method for surgical instrumentation, the work off sound waves, of bubbles imploding, creating a vacuum that dislodges particles in the crevasses of instruments (cavitation) | ultrasonic cleaner |
| The Bowie-Dick test is performed for what sterilization method? | pre-vacuum air removal |
| The most important factor of a surgical tech to prevent surgical site infection | Strict Surgical Conscience |
| What would you never put in the Flash-sterilization? | implants |
| Which method of sterilization uses gamma rays, or beta particles and is cheaply used by large manufacturing companies | ionizing radiation |
| When the surgically attired ST drapes an unsterile table, he or she opens the drape? | towards urself 1st |
| When assessing storage conditions and packaging integrity based on an arbitrary expiration designation? | event-related sterility |
| What are we going to put in everything we sterilize | chemical indicator strip |
| What is the exposer base time for an unwrapped instrument with some lumens in a pre-vacuum dynamic-air-removal auto clave? | 4 min |
| The name of the outside area of an autoclave where the steam is created before it is injected into the interior compartment/chamber? | outer metal jacket |
| How long is a steam biological indicator going to be incubated before the reading is recorded? | 24hrs |
| Why are instruments placed in perforated or mesh bottom trays for sterilization ? | Penetration of sterilent |
| What would be the advantage of using Ethylene Oxide gas sterilization? | Safe for heat and moisture sensitive items |
| Gravity displacement steam sterilizer cycles are shorter than pre-vacuum cycles? T/F | F |
| With steam sterilization thermal destruction of microbes is a result of denaturation and coagulation of proteins in the cells T/F | T |
| Worms, tapeworms,flukes,and roundworms. The primary route is ingested contaminated food or water that contains the worms or the eggs. But also includes penetration through the skin, fecal oral contamination, and arthropod bite. | Helminths |
| Single-celled organism, that is not membrane bound and no distinct nucleus | Prokaryotes |
| A gram-positive coccus. This bacterium is common in the flora of the skin, hair and nares of the nose. 25% of all people are colonized with this microorganism. Can cause SSI in the surgical patient. | Staphylococcus aureus |
| Anaerobic, Gram positive bacillus, spore forming bacteria. Can cause Gas Gangrene, cellulitis, fasculitis | Clostridium perfringes |
| A method for testing the sterilization capability of a sterilizer; contains microorganism that are killed when exposed to a sterilization process; only method of guaranteeing the sterility of an item(s) | biological indicator |
| Specifically designed for use with a prevacuum steam sterilizer to test for air entrapment | Bowie-dick test |
| Mechanical process used by ultrasonic cleaners during which air pockets implode to dislodge debris and soil from the crevices and serrations of surgical instruments and equipment | cavitation |
| A method of cleaning instruments in which the chosen cleaning solution uses the process of binding ions, such as iron and magnesium, in the solution to prevent their deposit on the surface of surgical instruments | chelation |
| Sterilely attired surgical team members should pass one another in any of the following ways EXCEPT: a. Front to back b. Back to back c. Rotating 360 degrees around d. Front to front | a. Front to back |
| T or F: The relative humidity in an ethylene oxide sterilizer should be below 30% to aid in the penetration of the gas through bacterial spores protective coating. | F |
| Where should the biological test pack be placed on the steam sterilization cart for the first run of the day? | Bottom rack, front of sterilizer, over the drain |
| Which sterilization method is most commonly used, safest, least expensive, and appropriate for the majority of surgical instruments? | saturated steam |
| All of the following are environmental specifications for the decontamination room in CSPD EXCEPT: - Humidity between 35 -72% - Air exchange rate, minimum of 10 per hour - Positive air pressure maintained - Temperature between 64 -70 degrees F | - Positive air pressure maintained |
| Which sterilization method presents the greatest exposure risk to CSPD personnel, is expensive, and requires the longest total cycle time? | Ethylene oxide |
| The recommended biological indicator for hydrogen peroxide gas plasma is: | Bacillus atriohaeus |
| Which of the following would be appropriate for soaking instruments covered with bioburden during a surgical procedure? - Peracetic acid - Sterile saline - Sterile water - Isopropyl alcohol | -sterile water |
| What is the relationship of steam pressure to temperature in steam sterilizer? | Increase pressure, Increase temperature |
| Which of the following statements regarding peratic acid sterilized items are correct? | Cassettes are not sealed, due to liquid immersion during the process, so they cannot be stored |
| T or F: internal chemical indicator/ integrators should be placed in the center or most challenging portion of the tray for the sterilant to reach. | T |
| Which of the following diseases is NOT a form of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy? - Toxic shock - Scrapie - Mad cow - Creutzfeldt-Jakob | toxic shock |
| Classification of parasites such as cysticerci (pork tapeworm) that can create lesion in the brain and soft tissues, which require surgical removal | Helminths |
| Fungal infection caused by bread mold; sometimes seen in immune-suppressed organ transplant patients | zygomycosis |
| Personnel in CSPD who must move instruments from the ethylene oxide sterilizer to an aeration room should do which of the following with the cart to reduce their exposure to vented gases? | pull it |
| Which kind of quality control device consists of a paper that has been impregnated with a dye that changes color in the presence of a specific temperature and sterilant? | chemical indicator |
| A nonsterile person should approach a sterile area face forward while maintaining a distance of: | 12in |
| When opening a wrapped item such as a gown on a Mayo stand, the contents and wrappers are considered sterile up to what distance from the edge of the wrapper? | 1 in from the edge |
| During manual cleaning of surgical instruments, what type of solution should be used? | Lukewarm water, detergent, and enzymatic cleaner with neutral pH |
| How should air hoses of powered instruments or fiber-optic light cords be placed in rigid container trays for sterilization? | Coiled loosely in perforated or mesh basket |
| Which type of wrapper material is compatible with the hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization method? | Tyveck |
| When nested basin sets are being sterilized, how should they be placed in the steam sterilizer? | Fold side down with a towel used to separate them |
| The biological indicator (BI) for the steam sterilization method is: | Geobacillus stearothemophiles |
| Which of the following would be appropriate for use on animate surfaces? - Disinfectant - Antiseptic - Decontaminant - Steriliant | -disinfectant |
| Which method of chemical sterilization has limitations based on the challenge of diffusion into narrow lumens | hydrogen peroxide gas plasma |
| Monitors on sterilizer help to monitor if machine working correctly. | mechanical monitor |
| Device that uses gas at low temperature to sterilize heat-and/or moisture-sensitive items. This method of sterilization is safer than EtO and in many health care facilities. | Sterrad (Hydrogen peroxide gas plasma) |
| The Steri's system uses ______ acid. | Peracetic |
| Microbes that reside on the skin surface and are easily removed. | transient flora |
Created by:
bettyxbx