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C1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an atom | The smallest part of anything that can exist |
| What is an element | Molecules made of 1 type of atom |
| What is a compound | Two or more elements chemically combined |
| What is a mixture | Two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined |
| Describe filtration | Separates solids and liquids |
| Describe crystallisation | Separates solute and solvent |
| Describe distillation | Separates to liquids with different boiling points |
| Describe chromatography | Separates different solubilities |
| Describe the descovery of the atom | -first atoms were thought to be solid spheres which couldn't be divided -plum pudding model negative electrons in positive shell -alpha particle scattering experiment proved that there was a positive nucleus with electrons orbiting in shells |
| Describe Rutherford's scattering experiment | -Alpha particles fired at gold foil -most pass straight through -some deflect of at angles -very few bounced off |
| What are the charges and masses of subatomic particles | Proton 1 and 1 Neutron 0 and 1 Electron -1 and 0 |
| What is an isotope | An element with a different number of neutrons |
| What is relative atomic mass | The average mass of an element taking into account isotopes |
| Where are metals and non metals located on the periodic table | Metals left Non metals right |
| How are the elements of the periodic table arranged | In order of atomic number Elements with similar properties are in groups |
| What does an elements group number tell us about its electrons | The number in its outer shell |
| Describe the development of the periodic table | -arranged in order of atomic weight -mendeleev left gaps for undescovered elements -the gaps were filled in -knowledge of isotopes meant that atomic weight alone was incorrect |
| What type of ions do metals and non metals form | Metal positive Non metal negative |
| Name 5 properties of metals | -lose electrons -usually solid at room temperature -high melting and boiling points -good conductors -oxidise -dense -hard -usually shiny |
| Name 4 properties of non metals | -poor conductors -brittle -gain electrons -most shiny -colourful -reduce |
| Describe the elements in group 0 | -gas -inert -full outer shell -boiling point increases as you go down the group -used for electric lights |
| Describe the elements in group 1 | -1 electron in outer shell -reactivity increases as you go down the group -reactivity with water to produce hydrogen and a salt -solid -metals |
| Describe the elements in group 7 | -7 electrons in outer shell -boiling point increases as you go down the group -reactivity decreases as you go down the group |
| Describe the transition metals | -form coloured compounds -diferent charged ions -catalysts |
| Explain how the arrangement of electrons is related to the reactivity of the element | Less electrons need to be transferred = more reactive |
| Balance this equation Fe + H2O -> H2 + FeO | It is already balenced |
| Define soluble | Dissolves in water |
| Define insoluble | Does not dissolve in water |
| What is a solute | A substance that is dissolved in a solution |
| What is a solvent | A substance that the solute is dissolved in |
Created by:
Liam P
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