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Chapter 17 Key Point
cdeutsch/ursuline
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the smallest part of an element that can still be identified as that element? | An atom |
| What element makes up 90% of all the atoms in the universe? | Hydrogen |
| In what material do atoms move the slowest? | Solids |
| What do scientists call the constant moving of particles just large enough to be seen? | Brownian Motion |
| What is the most common molecule? | Water (H20) |
| Do elements in compounds that are made from these elements have the same properties? | No, for example, water does not behave the same way hydrogen and oxygen do. |
| Where is the mass of the atom primarily located? | in the nucleus |
| What two atomic particles are found in the nucleus, and what is their mass? | Protons, neutrons. Mass of each is equal to one. |
| What is an isotope? | It is an element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. |
| Where can you find electrons in the atom? | In the orbital shell. |
| How many electrons are in the first, second, and third outer shell? | Two in the first shell, eight in the second shell, and the outer shell can't hold any more than eight. |
| Like charges do what? For example: two negatives | repel |
| Unlike charges do what? | Attract |
| Which subatomic particle has no charge? | Neutron |
| What determines the atoms physical and chemical properties? | the arrangement of the electrons in the shells. |
| What are the four physical and chemical properties of an atom? | 1. melting and freezing points 2. electric conductiviy 3. taste, texture, appearance, and color 4. ability to combine with other elements |
| Why do atoms share or transfer electrons? | to have eight electrons in the outer shell |
| What is the attraction between protons and electrons that cause them to combine? | chemical bonding |
| What kind of bond is formed when two atoms share atoms? | a covalent bond |
| What kind of bond is formed when electrons are transferred between atoms? | an ionic bond |
| When atoms have a net charge either positive or negative, what is it called? | an ion |
| How is the periodic table organized? | by rows and groups |
| What does the atomic number tell you? | the number of protons and electrons |
| What does the atomic mass number tell you? | the number of neutrons and protons |
| What does the atomic mass number tell you? | the number of neutrons and protons |
| If you go across left to right on the periodic table each element has one more_______and_______than the one before. | proton, electron |
| As you read down, each element has one more_______than filled to capacity than the element above it. | shell |
| What are the four phases of matter, and give an example of each? | 1. solid-ice 2. liquid-water 3. gas-steam4. plasma-water heated over 2000 degrees C |
Created by:
cdeutsch
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