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Whole Body Term
Chapter 3- Body as a Whole
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | The study of the structure or parts of the body |
| Anatomical Position | Body is standing erect, eyes looking forward, arms at the sides, and palms and toes directed forward |
| Cell | The basic unit of all living things |
| Cytoplasm | The jellylike material within a living cell; made up mostly of salt and water; holds the Organelles. |
| Body Plane | An imaginary line(s) drawn through the body to separate the body into sections |
| Body System | A group of body organs or structures that together perform one or more vital functions |
| Organ | Made up of two or more types of tissues that perform one or more common functions |
| Tissue | Made up of a group of similar cells that work together to perform a particular function. |
| Nucleus | The control center of a cell; contains Chromosomes |
| Midsagittal Plane | Vertical Plane; Divides the body into equal right and left portions. |
| Physiology | The study of how a body part functions |
| Organelle | Any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a cell that perform a job inside the cell |
| Mitosis | A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus. |
| Transverse Plane | Horizontal plane; Divides the body into upper (Superior)and lower (Posterior)parts |
| Frontal Plane | Vertical Plane; Divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions. Aka Coronal Plane |
| Homeostasis | The ability of an Organism to maintain a stable, relatively constant environment within themselves despite any changes |
| Cell Membrane | The semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of the cell; controls what goes in/out of cell |
| Abdomin/o | Abdomen |
| Adip/o | Fat |
| Lip/o | Fat |
| Hist/o | tissue |
| Sarc/o | flesh |
| Poster/o | posterior |
| Proxim/o | near |
| Trich/o | hair |
| Ventr/o | bellyside of body; front |
| Vertebr/o | vertebra |
| Lumb/o | lower back |
| Onych/o | nail |
| Umbilic/o | navel; umbilicus |
| Proximal | closer to the midline of the body; nearer to the attachment of the body |
| Distal | away from the midline of the body; farther from the attachment of the body |
| Superficial | towards the surface of the body |
| Deep | away from the surface of the body |
| Medial | toward the midlne |
| Lateral | away from the midline |
| Mitochondria | powerhouse of the cell; produces energy |
| 6 main functions of a cell | Energy Production, Growth, Metabolism, Reproduction Structure & Support, Transportation |
| Connective Tissue | supports, binds, joins tissue and organs |
| Epithelial Tissue | covers and protects internal and external organs |
| Muscle Tissue | 3 types; contracts; creates movement |
| Nervous Tissue | transmits impulses |
| Cardiac Muscle | makes up muscular wall of heart |
| Smooth Muscle | found in walls of hollow internal organs |
| Skeletal muscle | attaches to bone |
| The pharynx is apart of what system(s) | digestive and respiratory |
| Body Cavity | are large spaces within the body that contain Internal Organs (VISCERA). |
| The 2 major body cavities | Dorsal and Ventral |
| The Dorsal Cavity is composed of | Cranial and Vertebral Cavities |
| The Ventral cavity is composed of | Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavity |
| The spinal cord is located in the | vertebral cavity |
| The thoracic cavity | Contains the heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus gland, and major blood vessels. |
| The abdominal cavity | Gall Bladder, Kidneys, Liver, Pancreas, Small Intestine, Stomach, Spleen, Ureters |
| The pelvic cavity | Bladder, Colon, Large Intestine, Rectum, Reproductive Organs |
| RUQ stands for | right upper quadrant |
| LUQ stands for | left upper quadrant |
| LLQ stands for | left lower quadrant |
| RLQ stands for | right lower quadrant |
| Chromosome | thread-like structure made up of DNA |
| XX Chromosome | Female |
| XY Chromosome | Male |
| Cranial (Superior) | Nearer to the skull |
| Caudal (Inferior) | Nearer to the tail |
| Ventral (Anterior) | Nearer to the front |
| Dorsal (posterior) | Nearer to the Back |
| Supine | Horizontal position; Body facing up |
| Prone | Horizontal position; Body facing down |
Created by:
MsKim6399