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chap 10 ap100
nervous system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The _________ is the bodys control center and communication network? | nervous system |
| The nervous system is grouped into 2 major catergories. What is the first? | central nervous system or (CNS) |
| The (CNS) is the control center for the whole system and consists of ________and________? | brain and spinal cord. |
| The second major category on the nervous system is ___________? | peripheral nervous system or (PNS) |
| What does the PNS consist of? | all the nerves that connect the brain and spinal with sensory receptors, muscles and glands. |
| What are the 2 subcategories the PNS divides into? | afferent peripheral and efferent peripheral systems. |
| Which of the two consists of sensory neurons that convey information from receptors in the periphery of the body to the brain and spinal cord? | the afferent peripheral system. |
| What system consists of motor neurons that convey info. from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands? | the efferent peripheral system. |
| The efferent peripheral system can be furthur subdivided into two subcatergories. What are they? | somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system. |
| The___________system conducts impulses from the brain and spinal cord to skeltal muscle? | the somatic nervous system. |
| The ____________ system conducts impulses from the brain and spinal cord to smooth muscle tissue? | the autonomic nervous system. |
| What are the two divisions of the ANS? | sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. |
| Nervous tissue consists of groupings of nerve cell or_________________? | neurons |
| A___________is a bundle of nerve cells or fibers? | nerve |
| Nervous tissue is composed of cells that perform support and protection. These cells are called? | neuroglia and glial cells. |
| Over 60% of all brain cells are ___________cells? | neuroglia cells |
| _______are star shaped cells that wrap around nerve cells to form a supporting network in the brain and spinal cord? | astrocytes |
| ______cells form myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the PNS? | schwann cells |
| True of False the nucleus is the control center of the cell? | True |
| What are the two kinds of nerve fibers on the nerve cell? | dendrites and axons |
| Where does protein synthesis occur? | nissl bodies also called chromatophilic substance. |
| What are the 3 types of cells the structural classification consists of? | multipolar neurons, bipolar neurons and unipolar neurons. |
| The________neurons are neurons that have several dendrites and one axon? | multipolar |
| Schwann cells are also called__________? | neurolemmocytes |
| _________neurons have one dendrite and one axon? | bipolar |
| The sensory of afferent neuron is what type of neuron? | unipolar neuron. |
| The internuncial or association neurons are what type of neurons? | multipolar type. |
| The association neurons are found in the ______and the ____________? | brain and spinal cord. |
| True or False? positively charged sodium ions are in greater concentration outside the cell than inside? | True |
| True or False? On any nerve fiber, the impulse will never vary in strength? | True. |
| The all-or-none law states? | that if a nerve fiber carries any impulse, it will carry a full strength impulse. |
| ______________are the areas where the terminal branches of an axon are anchored close to, but not touching,the ends of the dendrites of another neuron. | synapses |
| The autonomic nervous system uses__________as the transmitting agent? | adrenaline. also called epinephrine. |
| The best known neurotransmitters are? | acetylcholine and norepinphrine. |
| When we have an involuntary reaction to an external stimulus, we experience what is called a_________________? | reflex |
| A______________is the pathway that results in a reflex? | reflex arc |
| What term refers to groups of myelinated axos from many neurons supported by neuroglia? | white matter |
| The gray areas of the nervous system are called_________? | gray matter |
| True or False? A cortex is a bundle of fibers located outside the CNS? | false. nerve |
| What are some of the most commonly abused drugs that affect the CNS? | depressants, stimulants and hallucinogens as well as the anabolic steroids. |
| True or False? A tract is a bundle of fibers inside the CNS? | True |
| A____________is a mass of nerve cell bodies and dendrites inside the CNS? | nucleus consisting of gray matter. |
| ___________are the areas of gray matter in the spinal cord? | horns |
| What is the approximate length of the spinal cord? | 16-18 inches. |
| The spinal cord is made up of a series of_______segments? | 31 |
| Define meninges | a series of connective tissue membranes. |
| Those connective tissue membranes associated specifically with the spinal cord are called_________? | spinal meninges. |
| What is the outermost spinal meninx called? | dura mater. |
| The middle spinal meninx is called the_________? | arachnoid mater or spider layer. |
| The innermost spinal meninx is known as the __________? | pia mater or delicate mother. |
| The_____________or___________ is the sensory root and contains only sensory nerve fibers? | posterior or dorsal root. |
| The other point of attachment of the spinal nerve to the cord is the__________or___________? | anterior or ventral root. |
| Name the 31 pairs of spinal nerves? | 8 pairs of cervical,12 pairs of thoracic, 5 pairs of lumbar, and 5 pairs of sacral nerves and a single pair of coccygeal nerves. |
| C1-C8 are | cervicle |
| T1_T12 | thoracic |
| L1-L5 | lumbar |
| S1-S5 | sacral |
| Cx | coccygeal. |
Created by:
rwware