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Grammar
Grammar and Usage
Question | Answer |
---|---|
sentence | a group of words that expresses a complete thought. |
Subject | tells whom or what the sentence is about |
predicate | tells something about what the subject does or did or is |
verb | expresses an action, states that something exists orlinks the subject with a description |
helping verb | helps the main verb make a statement or express an action |
Helping Verb examples | am, is, are, was, were, be, has, have, had, do, does, did |
compound subject | Has two or more subjects that are joined together. |
compound verbs | two or more verbs that are joined together |
declarative sentence | makes a statement |
interrogative sentence | asks a question |
imperative sentence | tells or request someone to do something |
exclamatory sentence | used to express strong feelings |
period | used after a declarative and imperative sentence |
question mark | used after an interrogative sentence |
exclamation mark | used after an exclamatory sentence |
sentence fragment | is a group of words that does not express a complete idea. |
run-on sentence | occurs when two or more sentences are written as one. |
nouns | names a person, place, thing or idea |
nouns as things you can see | bike, guitar, tree, car, rain |
nouns as emotions you can feel | pain, love, excitement, fear, jealousy |
nouns name ideas | interest, education, democracy, honor, thought |
nouns as persons | coach, friend, skydiver, Miguel, Mr. Jones |
nouns as places | house, field, beach, New Orleans, Disneyland |
nouns as things | shoe, cloud, bread, tree, eraser |
common nouns | the general name of a person, place or thing |
proper nouns | the specific or particular name of a person place or thing |
direct object | a noun used as a direct object receives the action of the verb. |
indirect object | the verb generally tells to whom or for whom an action is done |
Predicate Noun | nouns in the predicate that explain the subject or identify the subject |
singular noun | names one person, place, thing or idea |
plural nouns | name more than one person, place, thing or idea |
possessive nouns | shows who or what owns something |
prounouns | a word that is used to take the place of a noun or another pronoun |
Subject pronouns | found in the subject or after a linking verb - I, you, she, he, it, we, they |
object pronouns | use them as the object of the verb - me, you, him, her, it, us and them |
possessive pronouns | are personal pronouns used to show ownership or belonging - my, mine, your, yours, our, ours |
antecedent of a pronoun | a noun or a pronoun for which the pronoun stands. (Larry came today and brought his tools. |
indefinite pronouns | a pronoun that does not refer to a particular person, place thing or idea |
verb | express an action, states that something exists, or linds the subject with a word that describes it or renames it. |
action verb | says what the subject of the sentence does |
linking verb | states that something exists or is. It does NOT refer to an action |
linking verb examples | am, are, were, being, is, was, be, been, look, appear, seem, become, remain, feel, sound, taste, grow, smell |
verb phrase | consists of a main verb and one or more helping verbs |
verb phrase examples | will go, shall go, may go, could go, might go |
verb tenses | are used to show the time of an action or a state of being |
present tense | places the action in the present |
past tense | places the action or condition in the past |
future tense | places the action or condition in the future. |
present particle | adding ING to the verb or helping verb - call/calling talk/talking |
past particle | adding ed or d to the present form of a verb - (have)talk/talked (have)sip/sipped |
adjective | a word that modifies (talks about) a noun or pronoun |
predicate adjective | follows a linking verb - The clouds are fluffy. |
adverb | modifies (talks about) a verb, an adjective, or another adverb |