click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Cell Organelles
Question | Answer |
---|---|
nucleus | Contains most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell. Generally the most conspicuous organelle. |
chromatin | Material in nucleus consisting of DNA and proteins. |
chromosome | Structures that carry the genetic information. Formed from chromatin. |
DNA | Genetic material that organisms inherit from their parents. Is a nucleic acid. |
nuclear pore | Controls what may enter and leave the nucleus. |
smooth ER | Detoxifies drugs and poisons in the body (lacks ribosomes). |
rough ER | Studded with ribosomes making it able to synthesize proteins for export. |
Golgi apparatus | Active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell products. Contains a cis-and trans- face. cis-receiving trans-transporting |
vacuole | storage centers |
vesicle | transport substances of the cell |
free ribosome | protein synthesis for use within the cell |
bound ribosomes | protein synthesis to be used outside of the cell |
nuclear envelope | Membrane surrounding the nucleus. Same type of membrane as cell membrane. |
cytoskeleton | Provides structure and support for the cell. Used to move organelles, chromosomes, and vesicles. |
centrosome | function is unknown, place where the microtubules are iniated |
mitochondrion | cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated. Contains its own DNA |
lysosome | Digestive enzyme which contains hydrolytic enzymes. |
cell wall | Outer layer that maintains the shape of a plant cell. |
central vacuole | Prominent organelle in plant cell used for storage. Enlargement of this is a major mechanism of plant growth. |
plasma membrane | Semipermeable membrane that controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell. |
chloroplast | Contains its own DNA. Is the site of photosynthesis in plants. |
peroxisome | Produces hydrogen peroxide as a by-product, then converts it to water. |
microtubules | The largest component of the cytoskeleton. Major component of cilia and flagella. Also used to move chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. |