click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Cell Organelles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| nucleus | Contains most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell. Generally the most conspicuous organelle. |
| chromatin | Material in nucleus consisting of DNA and proteins. |
| chromosome | Structures that carry the genetic information. Formed from chromatin. |
| DNA | Genetic material that organisms inherit from their parents. Is a nucleic acid. |
| nuclear pore | Controls what may enter and leave the nucleus. |
| smooth ER | Detoxifies drugs and poisons in the body (lacks ribosomes). |
| rough ER | Studded with ribosomes making it able to synthesize proteins for export. |
| Golgi apparatus | Active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell products. Contains a cis-and trans- face. cis-receiving trans-transporting |
| vacuole | storage centers |
| vesicle | transport substances of the cell |
| free ribosome | protein synthesis for use within the cell |
| bound ribosomes | protein synthesis to be used outside of the cell |
| nuclear envelope | Membrane surrounding the nucleus. Same type of membrane as cell membrane. |
| cytoskeleton | Provides structure and support for the cell. Used to move organelles, chromosomes, and vesicles. |
| centrosome | function is unknown, place where the microtubules are iniated |
| mitochondrion | cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated. Contains its own DNA |
| lysosome | Digestive enzyme which contains hydrolytic enzymes. |
| cell wall | Outer layer that maintains the shape of a plant cell. |
| central vacuole | Prominent organelle in plant cell used for storage. Enlargement of this is a major mechanism of plant growth. |
| plasma membrane | Semipermeable membrane that controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell. |
| chloroplast | Contains its own DNA. Is the site of photosynthesis in plants. |
| peroxisome | Produces hydrogen peroxide as a by-product, then converts it to water. |
| microtubules | The largest component of the cytoskeleton. Major component of cilia and flagella. Also used to move chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. |