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Chem 101 Exam #1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| visible light spectrum | 700 (red) - 400 (violet) nm |
| relationship between frequency & wavelength | inversely proportional; LOWest frequency= LONGest wavelength |
| wavelength | lambda |
| frequency | nu |
| c | 3.00E8 m |
| h (planck's constant) | 6.626E-34 j*s |
| what is nu equal? | c/ lambda |
| deBroglie's equation | lambda=h / mass* velocity |
| paramagnetic | needs a "pair"or "pairs", unfilled shells |
| diamagnetic | filled shells, dia=2 electrons |
| rydberg equation deals with what? | energy levels with hydrogen |
| rydberg equation? | E= -Rhc/n^2 |
| R | 1.0974E7 |
| electron is described as??? | a standing wave |
| aufbau priciple | As protons are added one by one to the nucleus to build up the elements, electrons are similarly added to these hydrogen-like orbitals |
| electron affinity | amount of energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom |
| ionization energy | minimum amount of energy REQ to remove the most loosely bound electron to form a cation |
| atomic radii | distance between two nuclei of two atoms |
| lattice energy | k = (Q1Q2/r) |
| k | 8.99E9 |
| what makes something classify as ionic? | if it conducts electric current when melted |
| enthalpy equation | bonds broken minus bonds made |
| electronegativity | measure of the attraction of an atom for it's electrons; how tight the nucleus holds onto it's valence electrons |
| long wavelength | low frequency, low transition energy |
| short wavelength | high frequency, high transition energy |
| bond order | (#bonds/# resonance structures) |
| formal charge | (atom # - lone electrons) - # of bonds |
| highest frequency | highest energy |
| electrons have wave properties through which observation???? | diffraction: light is scattered from a regular array of points and lines; destructive and constructive interference |
| emission spectrum (in order of longest wavelength to shortest) | radio, micro, infra red, visible light, UV, x-ray, gamma ray Raul's Mother Is Visiting Uncle Xavier's Garden |
| periodic table trends (from fluorine to francium) | electron affinity= decreases, ionization energy= decreases, atomic radii= increases |
| electron screening | the effect of lower shell electrons have have upon higher energy electrons. The higher electron "sees" the nucleus through a fog of lower level electrons (aka they do not feel the charge of the nucleus). this is why 4s electrons < 3d electrons |
| diffraction pattern | the pattern that is produced that is produced from diffracted light; bright spots and dark spots on a photographic plate |
| Thomson model | plum pudding model; cathode ray tube experiment= discovered electrons |
| millikan experiment | oil drop experiment; determined charge of an electron & mass (9.11E-31 kg) |
| rutherford experiment | gold foil; determined that there was a nucleus in an atom and disproved JJ Thomson model |
| henri bequecrel experiment | discovered radioactivity; rock in a drawer |
| john dalton | introduced atomic theory; law of multiple proportions= when two elements combine to form more than one compound, the weights of one element that combine with a fixed weight of the other are in a ratio of small whole numbers. |
| antoine lavoisier | named carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen; discovered oxygen's combustion; discovered sulfur; law of conservation of mass=mass is conserved in chemical reactions |
| joseph proust | law of definite proportion= a given compound always contains the same proportion of elements by mass |
| Joseph Gay-Lussac | performed experiments in which he measured (under the same conditions of temperature and pressure) the volumes of gases that reacted with each other |
| avogadro | proposing that at the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of different gases contain the same number of particles. |
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accident_prone
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