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Rad quantities&units
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the date that X-rays were discovered? | November 8,1895 |
| Who discovered X-rays? | Wilhelm Conrad roentgen |
| Somatic damage is? | Biological damage to the body is the exposed individual caused by exposure to ionizing radiation |
| Occupational exposure is? | Radiation exposure received by radiation workers in the course of excel using their professional responsibilities |
| Many radiologists and Dentists deceloped a redsning id the skin, skin lesions on the hands and fingers what is this called? | Radiodermatitis |
| The committee couldââ- so the committee failed on their responsibility ? | Not agree on workable unit of radiation exposure |
| Which type of effects of ionizing radiation are cancer, genetic effects? | Late stochastic effects |
| What is tolerance dose? | Radiation dose to which occupationally exposed persons could be continuously subjected without any apparent harmful acute effect such as erythema. |
| Threshold dose is? | Dose of radiation lower than which an individual has a negligible chance of sustaining specific biological damage |
| Radiation units were developed that contained factors that accounted for the varied bio effects of different types of radiation are? | Alpha, beta, gamma, X-rays, neutrons |
| EfD accounts two things? | The type of radiation Variable sensitive of the tissues exposed to radiation |
| EfD is expressed in which SI unit? | Sieverts (Sv) |
| The traditional unit for the measurement of exposure from X-rays is? | Roentgen (R) |
| 1 Sv is = | 100 rem |
| Rem? | Stands for âradiation equivalent manâ meaning the dose that is equivalent to any type of ionizing radiation that produces the same biological effects as 1 rad of radiation |
| Named after the English radio biologist Louis gray what is the SI unit of absorbed dose of radiation? | Gray (Gy) |
| Diagnostic imaging professionals need to understand the following basic radiation quantities? | Exposure Air kerma Absorbed dose Equivalent dose Effective dose |
| Exposure is? | Radiation quantity that expresses the intensity of radiation delivered to a specific area, such as the surface of the human body |
| The basic unit of electrical charge ? | Coulomb (C) |
| The exposure unit is measured in ? | Coulombs per kilogram (C/kg) |
| SI quantity that can be used to express radiaition concentration transferred to a point, which may be at the surface of a patients or radiographer s body? | Air kerma |
| As the kinetic energy released in a unit mass of tissue this is called? | Tissue kerma |
| The amount of energy per unit mass absorbed by an irradiated object is called? | Absorbed dose (D) |
| Sum of the total of air kerma over the exposed area of the patients surface is called? | Dose area product (DAP) |
| 1 J/kg = | 1 gray |
| 1 rad is = | 100 erg/g |
| 1/100 j/kg = 1/100 gy is also = | 1 rad |
| Rad stands for? | Radiation absorbed dose |
| The product of the average absorbed dose in a tissue or organ in the human body is? | Equivalent dose (EqD) |
| Radiation weighting factor (Wr) is? | Chosen for the type and energy of the radiation in question |
| This is used for radiation protection purposes when a person receives exposure from various types of ionizing radiation | Equivalent dose (EqD) |
| Weighting factor that takes into account the relative detriment to each specific organ and tissue is ? | The tissue weighting factor (Wt) |
| The SI unit of absorbed dose is the gray ? T or F | True |
| Air kerma actually denotes a calculation of radiation intensity in air? T or F | True |
| Air kerma is replacing the traditional quantity , absorbed dose? T or F | False. Itâs represent by Gya |
| Each type of energy of radiaiton has a specific Wr? T or F | True |
| The SI unit for EqD is C/kg? T or F | False. Itâs sievert |
| The traditional unit radiation equivalent man (rem) is equivalent to the SI unit of the gray? T or F | False. Itâs sievert |
| An atomic structures in the body possess the same absorption properties? T or F | False. Different which relates to tissue weighting factor |
| Gyt is a measurement of dose in tissues ? T or F | True |
| Air kerma definition? | Is the unit of radiation exposure |
| Absorbed dose (dose) definition? | Is there amount of energy per unit mass absorbed by and irradiated object |
| Dose area product definition? | The sum of total air kerma over the exposed area of the patients surface |
| Effective dose definition? | Quantity that is used for radiation protection purposes to provide a measure of the overall risk of exposure to humans from ionizing radiation |
| To be able to measure patient and personnel exposure in a consistent and uniform way all countries adopted what? | So units of radiation - sievert and gray |
| What are the traditional units? | R - roentgen Rem- radiation equivalent man Rad - radiation absorbed dose |
| Exposure SI and traditional units are? | C/kg. Roentgen |
| Effective dose SI and traditional units? | Sievert Rem |
| Fluoroscopic entrance rates SI and traditional units? | mGya/ min Roentgens per min |
| Absorbed dose SI and traditional units? | Gray Rad |
| For special quantities there are 3 Exposure Dose Effective dose What are the special units and SI units? | Exposure - C/kg. Air kerma Dose - j/kg. Gray Effective dose- j/kg. Sievert |
| Unit for equivalent dose in SI and traditional ? | Sievert Rem |
| Unit for fluoroscopic entrance rates SI and traditional ? | Milligray per minute R/min |
| Unit of absorbed dose SI and traditional unit? | Gray Rad |
| Kilo = k what is the Multipe? | 10 ^3 |
| Milli= m what is the multiple ? | 10^-3 |
| Mue= micro what is the multiple? | 10^-6 |
| What can we write instead of 70000 volt peak? | 70 Kvp |
| What can we write instead of 0.005 seconds? | 5 milliseconds |
| Exposure is? | Measure of the ionization in air by X-rays or gamma rays - quantity that expresses intensity of radiation delivered to the body SI- c/kg Traditional - R |
| R multiplied by what to get Gy a ? | X 0.01 |
| Air kerma is kinetic energy released in matter and what is its units? | J/kg . 1 j/ kg = 1 gray Used to express exposure or intensity |
| Absorbed dose is? | Amount of energy per unit mass absorbed by an irradiated object |
| What indicates the amount of energy the patient actually receives and its units? | Absorbed dose in rad or gray |
| To obtain an absorbed dose what do you Multiply? | Rad x 0.01 to get Gy t |
| Tissue weighting factor is? | Value that denotes the percentage of the summed stochastic ( cancer plus genetic) risk stemming from irradiation of tissue. |
| Tissue weighting factor symbol is? | Wt |
| From the highest to lowest the tissue weighting factor? | Gonads (0.20) , Red bone marrow (0.12), bladder breast, skin (0.01), |
| Radiaiton weighting factor is chosen how? | Based on radiation type and energy. 1 gray = 1 sievert |
| Radiation weighting factor symbol is ? | Wg |
| Radiation type = alpha particles What is the radiation weighting factor ? | 20 |
| Equivalent dose equation is? And what itâs used for? | EqD= D (absorbed dose) x Wr ( radiation weighting factor) Uses for radiation protection purposes when a person is exposed to various types of ionizing radiation |
| To obtain effective dose you must multiply? | Rem x 0.01 to obtain Sv |
| What is becquerel (Bq)? | The unit of quantity of radioactive material. One becquerel is equal to disintegration per second . 1d/s = 1 Bq |
Created by:
Em17