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Physics Glossary 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| accuray | the degree to which a measured value agrees with the correct value for that measurement |
| approximation | an estimated value based on prior experience and reasoning |
| classical physics | physics that was developed from the renaissance to the end of the 19th century |
| conversion factor | a ratio expressing how many of one unit are equal to another unit |
| derived units | units that can be calculated using algebraic combinations of the funamental units |
| English units | system of measurement used in the United States; inculdes units of measurement such as feet, gallons and pounds |
| fundamental units | units that can only be expressed relative to the procedure used to measure them |
| kilogram | the SI unit of ass, abbreviated (kg) |
| law | a description, using concise language or a mathematical formula, a generalized pattern in nature that is supported by scientific evidence and repeated experiments |
| meter | the SI unit of legth, abbreviated (m) |
| method of adding percents | the percent uncertainty in a quantity calculated by muliplication or division is the sum of the percent uncertainties in the itmes used to make calculation |
| metric system | a system in which values can be calculated in factors of 10 |
| model | representation of something that is often to difficult (or impossible) to display directly |
| modern physics | the study of relativity, quantum mechanics or both |
| order of magnitude | refers to the size of a quantity as it relatesto a power of 10 |
| percent uncertainty | the ration of the uncertainty of a measurement to the measured value, epressed as a percentage |
| physical quantity | a characteristic or property of an object that can be measured or calculated from other measurements |
| physics | the science concerned with describing the interactions of energy, matter, space and time; it is especially interested in what fundamental mechanisms underlie every phenomenon |
| precision | the degee to which repeated measurements agree with each other |
| quantum mechanics | the study of objects smaller than can be seen with a microscope |
| relativity | the study of objects moving at speeds greater that about 1% of speed of light, or of objects being affected by a strong gravitational field |
| scientific method 1 | a method that typically begins with an observation and question that the scientist will research; next, the scientist typically performs some research about the topic and then devises a hypothesis; |
| scientific method 2 | then , the scientist will test the hypothesis by performing an experiment, finally, the scientist analyzes the results of the experiment and draws a conclusion |
| second | the SI unit for time, abbreviated (s) |
| SI units | the international system of units that scientists in most countries have agreed to use: includes units such as meters, liters and grams |
| significant figures | express the precision of a measuring tool used to measure a value |
| theory | an explanation for paterns in nature that is supported by scientific evidence and verified multiple times by various groups of reseachers |
| uncertainty | a quantitative measure of how much you measured values deviate from the standard or expected value |
| units | a standard used for expressing and comparing measurements |
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