Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Cardiology - EMT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two major components of the cardiovascular system? | The heart and the peripheral blood vessels |
| What are the three layers of the heart? | The Endocardium, Myocardium and the Pericardium |
| How much pericardial fluid does the heart contain in the pericardial sac on a normal healthy individual? | 25-50ml |
| _______________ is the volume of blood that the heart pumps in one minute. | Cardiac Output |
| What is the first phase of the cardiac cycle? | Diastole - this is when the heart is at rest |
| What is the second phase of the cardiac cycle? | Systole - this is when the heart is pumping |
| What is afterload? | Afterload is the resistance which the ventricle must contract against |
| What is Starling's Law of the Heart? | Starling's Law states the more the myocardial muscle is stretched, the greater its force of contraction will be - up till a certain point. In other words, the more blood that fills the ventricle, the more forceful the next cardiac contraction will be. |
| The sympathetic nervous system has two principal types of receptors, they are _____ and _____. | Alpha and Beta |
| ________ receptors are located in the peripheral blood vessels and are responsible for vasoconstriction. | Alpha |
| ________ receptors, primarily located in the heart, increase the heart rate and contractility. | Beta 1 |
| ________ receptors, principally located in the lungs and peripheral blood vessels, cause bronchodilation and peripheral vasodilation. | Beta 2 |
| Parasympathetic control of the heart occurs through the ________ nerve. | Vagus nerve (Cranial Nerve 10) |
| The term __________ refers to heart rate. Something that has a positive affect to this term will increase the patient's heart rate. | Chronotropy |
| _____________refers to the strength of a cardiac muscular contraction. Something that has a positive affect to this term will strengthen the cardiac contraction. | Inotropy |
| What is the inherit rate of the SA Node? | 60-100 beats per minute. |
| What is the inherit rate of the AV Node? | 40-60 beats per minute. |
| What is the inherit rate of the Purkinje System? | 15-40 beats per minute. |
| The right atrium and right ventricle is separated by what valve? | Tricuspid |
| The right ventricle and the pulmonary artery are separated by what valve? | Pulmonic |
| The left atrium and left ventricle are separated by what valve? | Mitral - other wise known as the bicuspid valve |
| The left ventricle and the aorta are separated by what valve? | Aortic |
| The coronary vessels receive their blood supply during what part of the cardiac cycle? | Diastole |
| What are anastomoses? | Communications between two or more vessels |
| The inner layer of a blood vessel is termed the __________. | Tunica intima |
| The middle layer of a blood vessel is termed the __________. | Tunica media |
| The outer layer of a blood vessel is termed the ___________. | Tunica adventitia |
| What are the three primary factors that affect the stroke volume? | Preload, Cardiac Contractility & Afterload |
| What are the three primary factors that affect the blood pressure? | Stroke Volume, Heart Rate & Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) |
| The ___________ is the ratio of blood pumped from the ventricle to the amount remaining at the end of diastole. | Ejection Fraction |
| The amount of blood ejected by the heart in one cardiac contraction is known as the __________. | Stroke Volume |
| ____________ is the pressure within the ventricles at the end of diastole; it is commonly called the end-diastolic volume. | Preload |
| Snuggly enclosed within the mediastinum, the heart extends obliquely from the ____ rib to the _____ intercostal space. | 2nd, 5th |
| The ability for pacemaker cells in the heart to self-depolarize is called __________. | Automaticity |
| A group of cardiac cells that physiologically function as a unit is called __________. | Syncytium |
| How many pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins are located in the human body? | 2 Pulmonary Arteries, 4 Pulmonary Veins |
| When during the cardiac cycle is the heart fed blood through the coronary vessels? | During diastole |
| What heart valves are opened during diastole? | Tricuspid and mitral valves |
| What coronary vessel feeds blood to the anterior portion of the left ventricle? | Left Anterior Descending (LAD) |
| What coronary vessel feeds blood to the majority of the right ventricle? | Right Coronary Artery (RCA) |
| What heart valves are open during systole? | Aortic & Pulmonary |
| ____________ control of the heart occurs through the vagus nerve. | Parasympathetic |
| The resistance against which the heart must pump against is known as _________. | Afterload |
| During the systolic phase, what valves inside of the heart are open? | Pulmonic & Aortic |
| What is the function of the Chordae Tendineae? | The chordae tendineae are cord-like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the tricuspid and mitral valve in the heart – they prevent the valves from prolapsing back into the atriums. |
| Which of the heart valves are called the “semi-lunar” valves? | Pulmonic and Aortic |
| Blood entering the left atrium arrives via the _________. | Pulmonary Veins (There are 4 of them) |
| The coronary vessels are not fed blood during what part of the cardiac cycle? | Systole |
| What are the contraindications for the administration of Nitroglycerin? | Hypotension below 90mmHg, Bradycardia below 50 beats per minute, Drop in systolic pressure greater than 30 mmHg, Use of ED medications within the last 48hours. |
| What coronary vessel feeds the majority of the left ventricle muscle? | LAD |
| What are the 5 Korotkoff Sounds when auscultating a blood pressure? | Snapping, Swooshing, Tapping, Thumping or Muting, & Silence |
| What is the correct dose of nitroglycerin? | 0.4 mg |
| How do you administer nitroglycerin? | Sublingually |
Created by:
kevinakers