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Lymph/Immune
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The main difference between the composition of lymph and interstitial fluid and the composition of plasma is the: | lower percentage of proteins in lymph and interstitial fluid |
| Lymph capillaries called lacteals are located in the : | small intestine |
| Lymphatics resemble veins except that lymphatics: | all of the above a)thinner walls, b)more valves, c)contain lymph nodes located at certain intervals along their course. |
| Which of the following is not a lymph organ? | Pancreas |
| Lymph ducts empty into the circulatory system, draining into the: | subclavian veins |
| The lymph pressure gradient is established by: | both a&b a)breathing movements, b)skeletal muscle contractions |
| Lymph flowers through the thoracic duct and reenters the general circulation at the rate of about: | 3 litres per day |
| Which of the following is a function of lymph nodes? | a. Hematopoiesis, b. Filtration, c. Phagocytosis All the above |
| The lympth nodes located in the groin are called the: | inguinal lymph nodes |
| The lymph nodes located in the neck along the sternocleidomastoid muscle are called the: | superficial cervical lymph nodes |
| The cluster of lymph nodes found in the underarm and upper chest regions is referred to as: | axillary nodes |
| A type of blood cell prodced by lymph nodes is called a(n): | monocyte |
| The breast_____the mammary gland and surrounding tissue_____is drained by the: | a. lymphatics that originate in and drain the skin over the breast with the exception of the areola and nipple, b. lymphatics that originate in and drain the substance of the breast itself, as well as the skin of the areola and nipple. |
| __________ of the lymph from the breast enters the lymph nodes of the axillary region. | More than 85% |
| In advanced old age, the thymus may be largely replaced by: | fat |
| The thymus is located in the: | mediastinum |
| The tonsils located near the base of the tongue are called the: | lingual tonsils |
| The spleen is located in the: | left hypochondriac |
| The pulp of the spleen and its venous sinuses allow it to strore up to: | 350 ml of blood |
| The vast majority of the body's lymph is drained by the: | thoracic duct |
| Lymph enters a node via: | afferent lymph vessels |
| The cisterna chyli: | originates the thoarcic duct |
| How are lymphatic capillaries related to the function of the lymphatic system? | The high degree of permeabililty of the lymphatic capillary wall permits very large molecules and even particulate matter, which cannot be absorbed into the blood capillary, to be removed from the intersitial space |
| A person with thymus malfunction would: | produce fewer T cells thus, reducing the effectiveness of the immune system. |
| Michael , a 43 year old, was in a serious car accident. He has a rigid and tender left hypochondrium region. His blood pressure is dropping, and he is in pain. What organ might be involved in this injury? | Spleen |
| All of the following represent examples of nonspecific immunity except: | cell-mediated immunity |
| The body's first line(s) of defense is/are: | a. the skin and b. the muceous membranes |
| The most numerous type of phagocyte is the: | Neutrophil |
| The type of immune mechanism that provides a general defense by acting against anything recognized as "not itself" is called: | nonspecific immunity |
| B cell mechanisms are classified as: | antibody-mediated immunity |
| Macromolecules that induce the immune system to make certain responses are called: | anigens |
| The antibody normally constituting the highest percentage of antibodies in the blood plasma is: | IgG |
| The antibody produced initial contact (first contact) with an antigen is | IgM |
| The antibody commonly found in tears and saliva is: | IgA |
| The antibody associated with allergic reaction is: | IgE |
| The predominant antibody of a secondary response is: | IgG |
| The complement system can be activated by: | a)the binding of complement on the antibody molecule. b)the binding of complement to bacteria or virus, c)nonspecific immune mechanisms all the above |
| Specific immunity is controlled by tow classes of lymphocytes called: | T and B cells |
| Which of the following can activate, or turn on, and inactive B cell? | Binding to its specific antigen |
| The type of immunity produced by vaccination (flu shot) would be: | active artificial immunity |
| When a child develops measles and acquires immunity to a subsequent infection, this type of immunity is called | a. acquired immunity, b.natural immunity, c. active immunity |
| Interferon inhibits the spread of: | viruses |
| Examples of lymphocytes are: | a. B cells, b. T cells |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of inflammation? | a. Heat, b.Redness, c. Swelling |
| The ability of our immune system to attack abnormal or foreign cells but spare our own normal cells is called: | self-tolerance |
| Adaptive immunity is also called: | specific immunity |
| Which substance can destroy pathogens by chemically hydrolyzing them? | Enzymes |
| Which substance can destroy pathogens by lowering the pH to a level at which they cannot function? | Hydrochloric acid |
| If a blood test indicated that a person had a high level of IgM antibodies in the blood, it could be concluded that: | the person's body is responding to the initial exposure to an antigen |
| Steven had mumps as a child. Why did he not experience symptoms again at the age of 41 after he was again exposed to the mumps virus? | He developed active immunity as the result of having mumps as a child |
Created by:
andrewliverance