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Chapter 33
The Cold War
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the goal of the Marshall Plan? | The goal of the Marshall Plan was to help rebuild countries such as Europe and Japan after their loses from World War II. |
| What was the purpose in forming the United Nations? | United Nations was formed to protect themselves against aggression |
| What were the goals of NATO and the Warsaw Pact? | The goal of NATO was to protect themselves from Soviet aggression. The goal of the Warsaw Pact was to protect themselves from U.S. aggression |
| What was the Truman Doctrine? | Truman's support for countries that rejected communism. |
| Explain the Cultural Revolution. | Cultural Revolution was a revolution that the Red Guards ruled that occurred to make everyone equal |
| Which effect of the Communist Revolution in China do you think had the most permanent impact? | Land distribution remade the economy; cultural revolution caused chaos |
| How did the Chinese Communists increase their power during World War II? | Chinese communists by increasing their power by promising to return land to the peasants. Through that, they gained a lot of support from the public. That then led them to take over all of China |
| What actions did the Nationalists take during World War II? | Nationalists gave military, financial, and technical aid to communist China during World War II. |
| What was the goal of the Cultural Revolution? | The main goal of the Cultural Revolution was to make everyone equal |
| Why did the United States support the Nationalists in the civil war in China? | The U.S. helped the Nationalists because they had the same overall goal. The Chinese Nationalists wanted to defeat the Communists, just like the U.S. By helping them, it would make it easier for the U.S. to fulfill their goal of being a democracy |
| What policies or actions enabled the Communists to defeat the Nationalists in their long civil war? | One big benefit that the Communists had over the Nationalists was public support. By having public support, they had no pressure to stop fighting like the U.S. did in Vietnam. Another thing they had was a strong military |
| What circumstances prevented Mao’s Great Leap Forward from bringing economic prosperity to China? | Mao's Great Leap Forward ended up failing because the peasants saw no reason to work. Since their work was only benefitting the state, they didn't think there was any reason for them to work for something that isn't beneficial to them |
| Who was Mao Zedong? | the Communist leader of Northern China |
| Who was Douglas MacArthur? | American general during the Korean War who was later fired by President Truman for going over Truman's head to Congress asking them permission to use nuclear weapons in Korea to end the war. |
| In what ways were the causes and effects of the wars in Korea and Vietnam similar? | The causes and effects of the wars in Korea and Vietnam were similar because they were both caused by civil wars between Na |
| What role did United Nations play in the Korean War? | The United Nations Security Council voted to send an international force to Korea to stop the invasion of democratic South Korea by the communist North Koreans. |
| What was the Khmer Rouge’s plan for Cambodia? | The Khmer Rouge’s plan intended to create a communist government in Cambodia. |
| Which confrontation had the most lasting significance? | The Korean War and the Vietnam War had the most lasting significance; we're still mourning the dead. |
| How was the Cuban Missile Crisis resolved? | The Cuban Missile Crisis was resolved Khrushchev made a compromise to have the missiles removed in return for the U.S. promising not to invade Cuba again |
| Why did the Soviet Union invade Afghanistan? | Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan because, when the Muslims revolted, they threatened to overthrow their communist government |
| What do you consider the most significant reason for the collapse of détente? | I think that Solidarity helped to cause the collapse of Detente because: the Solidarity movement threatened the authority of communist leaders. For the Russians in particular this was threatening. |
| What effects did destalinization have on Soviet satellite countries? | The new Soviet outlook did not change life in satellite countries of Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, and East Germany. (Yugoslavia had broken away from Soviet control in 1948, although it remained Communist.) |
| Explain what the Third World is? | underdeveloped and developing countries of Asia and Africa and Latin America collectively |
| Who was Fidel Castro? | Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba (born in 1927) |
| Who was Anastasio Somoza? | Dictator of Nicaragua who for years ruled it like a private preserve, executing opponents at will. By the late 1970's poverty stricken people supported a new party (Sandinista National Liberation Front) |
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gtaveroni