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Venepuncture compl.

QuestionAnswer
Give the correct terminology that describes blood loss due to excessive blood taking. Iatrogenic anaemia
Explain how you as phlebotomist can prevent the complication of reflux of additive. Keep patient's arm at a downward angle so tubes can fill from bottom to top and not top to bottom thus preventing needle coming into contact with tube additives.
List 5 ways to prevent infection from the phlebotomy site Wash hands before the venepuncture. Clean skin using 70% alcohol. Allow to dry before inserting needle do not touch the site after cleaning. Keeping the plaster on for at least 15 minutes afterwards. Do not open sterile equipment before you need to use it
Give three reasons a vein may collapse during the venepuncture procedure. Vacuum too strong. Tourniquet to tight Tourniquet too close to venepuncture site Tourniquet removed during blood draw
Identify 3 Symptoms a patient may complain of that indicates nerve involvement during the venepuncture procedure. Extreme pain Electric shock sensation Burning sensation Numbness of the arm
Explain the procedure to follow if a patient complains of any painful symptoms •Terminate the venepuncture/remove needle and apply pressure • Apply cold compress/ ice pack to reduce pain and inflammation • Document incident
Explain 5 causes of Hemoconcentration •Tourniquet on for longer than 1 minute • Massaging the site • Long term IV Therapy • Drawing blood from sclerosed or occulded veins. • Vigorous hand pumping
Identify the major cause of inadvertent arterial puncture and name the artery most likely to be punctured during venepuncture procedure. •Blind probing • Brachial artery • The angle of insertion too steep when drawing from the basilic vein
List 2 signs of inadvertent arterial puncture • Rapidly forming haemotoma • Blood "spurting" or pulses into the tubes • Blood is brihgt red • Severe bruising
The main causes of vein damage are........ Blind probing Numerous venepuncture in the same area
What can contaminate a blood specimen and affect the result of the test performed on it. •Cleaning the site with alcohol prior to drawing a ETOH specimen •Cleaning the site with alcohol but not alowing the site to air dry •Not adhering to the correct order of draw
What will assist the phlebotomist to identify a 'hard to find" vein? •Wiping the site with an alcohol swab to make it more visible • Apply a warm compress to the site •Asses an alternative site
List two ways to prevent infection of the phlebotomy site has been cleaned and allow to air-dry. Do not touch site after cleaning . Keeping the plaster on for at least 15 minutes afterwards
List two possible causes of failed venepuncture •The tube is not seated in the barrel. •The tube vacuum is expired •The needle is not in the correct position •The vein collapses
Define haemolysis Its when the membranes off the red blood cells are broken and the contents of the cells are released into the serum or plasma. Giving it a reddish appearance when the sample is spun down
List 4 causes of haemoconcentration •Tourniquet on for longer than 1 minute •Massaging the site •Long term IV treatment •Drawing blood from scleroses or occluded veins •Vigorous hand pumping
Name two ways you can damage a vein when performing a venepuncture • Using a needle that is too large for the vein. •Blindly probing around •Moving the needle when it is inserted in the vein •Applying the tourniquet too tightly in the elderly.
How can a phlebotomist reduce the risk of under filling a blood tube Use low vacuum / short draw tubes whit a smaller blood volume requirement
May the venepuncture site for a blood alcohol level be cleaned with 70% isopropyl alcohol ? Give the reason for your answer. No ,the alcohol swab may contaminate the specimen and give a false positive result
Created by: cisca
 

 



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