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Rad Physics
Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The number of protons in an atom is also known as what? | atomic number (Z) |
| The number of protons and neutrons in an atom is also known as what? | atomic mass number (A) |
| A positron and negatron are emitted from the nucleus with this form of decay | beta decay |
| 2 protons and 2 neutrons are emitted as a single _____ particle (helium nucleus) | alpha decay |
| A positron is also | positive electron |
| A negatron is also | negative electron |
| An orbital electron is captured by the nucleus, which transforms a proton into a neutron during this decay | electron capture |
| Characteristic x-rays and Auger electrons are produced during this decay as electrons fall into orbital vacancies. | electron capture |
| A metastable nucleus undergoes nuclear decay, giving off gamma rays during this decay process | gamma decay |
| Iridium 192- half life and clinical use | 74.2 days HDR brachytherapy |
| Gold 198- half life and clinical use | 2.7 days prostate seed implants |
| Cesium 137- half life and clinical use | 30 days LDR GYN brachytherapy |
| Palladium 103- half life and clinical use | 17 days prostate seed implants |
| Iodine 125- half life and clinical use | 60 days prostate seed implants |
| ______________describes the thickness of the medium needed to attenuate the beam's original intensity in half | Half value layer |
| What term describes the relationship with beam intensity and distance from the source of a beam for photons as it travels through some medium? | Inverse square law |
| Which of the following is not a filter used for low-energy treatment machines? copper, thoraeus, tungsten, aluminum | tungston |
| What are used to harden low energy photon beams? | filters |
| What type of filter is used for diagnostic photon beams? | aluminum |
| What type of filters are used for orthovoltage? | copper filters (1-4 mm) thoraeus filters |
| Which photon interaction is most likely to occur with diagnostic imaging? | photelectric |
| Which photon interaction with matter is most likely to occur with radiation therapy delivery via linear accelerators? | Compton effect |
| Which photon interaction with matter is most likely to occur with radiation therapy delivery via orthovoltage? | photoelectric effect |
| Which interaction is responsible for neutron contamination in radiation therapy? | photodisintegration |
| Pair production occurs in _______ | photon beams > 1.022 MeV |
| In the coherent scattering interaction, the energy of the ejected photon is ___________ than the incident photon | equal |
| The ____________ tail is seen at the end of electron depth dose curves. | Bremsstrahlung |
| Proton and alpha particles exhibit a ____________ peak at the end of their range of travel, where most of their energy is deposited. | Bragg |
| The traditional unit of exposure is: | Roentgen |
| Absorbed dose is measured in | Rad or Gray |
| The SI unit for dose equivalent is | Sievert |
| What is the traditional unit for dose equivalent? | Rem |
| X-rays, gamma rays, electrons, beta particles and some protons have a QF of | 1 |
| Thermal neutrons have a QF of | 5 |
| Fast neutrons and alpha particles have a QF of | 20 |
| Decay constant can be determined by dividing the elements half life by? | 0.693 |
| Which of the following are used to calibrate linear accelerators? pocket ionization chambers, cutie pie ionization chambers, thimble chambers, Geiger-muller chambers | thimble chambers |
| Patient dose monitoring can be accurately measured with | diode detectors |
Created by:
shelbybrynngomez