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Terminology
BCBA Independent Fieldwork, Pg. 40 - 62
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mentalism (Cooper, Heron, Heward, 2007) | An approach to explaining behavior that assumes that a mental, or “inner,” dimension exists that differs from a behavioral dimension and that phenomena in this dimension either directly cause or at least mediate some forms of behavior, if not all. |
| Radical Behaviorism (Skinner, 1989) | A thoroughgoing form of behaviorism that attempts to understand all human behavior, including private events such as thoughts and feelings, in terms of controlling variables in the history of the person (ontogeny) and the species (phylogeny). |
| Methodological Behaviorism (Moore, 2008) | The only things a psychologist can directly talk about are publicly observable data. |
| Behavior (Cooper, Heron, & Heward, 2007) | The activity of living organisms; human behavior includes everything that people do. |
| Response (Cooper et al., 2007) | A specific instance of behavior, "action of an organism's effector." |
| Response Class (Cooper et al., 2007) | A group of responses with the same function. Each response produces the same effect on the environment. R1__S1 R2__S1 R3__S1 |
| Environment (Cooper et al., 2007) | All of the events and stimuli that affect the behavior of an organism. The environment includes events "inside the skin" like thinking, hormonal changes, and pain stimulation. |
| Stimulus (Catania, 2013) | One conditional stimulus can establish another stimulus as a SD or S-Delta. (e.g. one verbal stimulus can establish another verbal stimulus. "I doubt the coffee is ready." "I'm sure the coffee is ready." |
| Stimulus Class (Cooper et al., 2007) | To any group of stimuli sharing a predetermined set of common elements in one or more of those dimensions but have a common effect on behavior. R1__S1 R2__S1 R3__S1 |
| Functional Relation (Johnston & Pennypacker, 2009) | An experimentally determined relationship that shows that the DV depends on / is a function of the IV and nothing else. |
| Functional Relation (Skinner, 1953) | A cause becomes a change in an IV and an effect on the change in the DV. The cause and effect connection becomes a functional relation. (Assertion that different events tend to occur together in a certain order). |
| Lawfulness of Behavior (Malott, 2012) | Behavior is the result of some condition that has caused it to happen. |
| Lawfulness of Behavior (Skinner, 1953) | All forms of operant behavior are selected, shaped, maintained by their consequence throughout their life (there is a reason for every behaviors occurrence). |
| Selectionism (Skinner, 1981) | Variability is inherent & to be expected. |
| Selectionism (Cooper et al., 2007) | All forms of life evolve as a result of selection with respect to function. (Ontogeny, phylogeny). |
| Determinism (Cooper et al., 2007) | Assumption that the universe is a lawful and orderly place which all phenomena occur as a result of other events. |
| Determinism (Fisher, Piazza, & Roane, 2011) | Behavior does not spontaneously occur (always a reason that behavior is emitted). |
| Empiricism (Cooper et al., 2007) | Practice of objective observation of the phenomena of interest. |
| Empiricism (Fisher, 2011) | Attitude that the information available to science comes from the senses, & that scientific conclusion should be based on sensory evidence. |
| Parsimony (Cooper et al., 2007) | All simple, logical explanations for phenomenon under investigation be ruled out before more complex explanations are considered. |
| Pragmatism (Cooper et al., 2007) | An approach that assesses the truth of meaning of theories in terms of their success and their practical applications. |
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k8morris