Question 1

How  can you ease the pain of blood collection from children?

Accepted Answer

Using EMLA cream,
Oral sucrose,
Pacifiers

Question 2

What is the recommended percentage of a child's blood volume that can be safely removed at one time?

Accepted Answer

3%

Question 3

What is the recommended percentage of a child's blood volume that can be safely removed durin a months time

Accepted Answer

10%

Question 4

How can a phleb earn the trust of a parent?

Accepted Answer

Answer all questions asked,
Show confidence in what you are doing,
Warm and friendly professional manner

Question 5

How would you gain a childs trust?

Accepted Answer

Approach the child slowly and smile,
Lower yourself to the child's level,
Make friends with the child, e.g. tell them they are wearing a nice shirt,
Explain the procedure to the child in a way they can understand,
Answer questions honestly

Question 6

Special considerations when drawing blood from a child

Accepted Answer

Veins smaller,
Blood volume of is less = draw ↓ blood,
Win trust of parents and child,
Child needs restrained,
Pain intervention e.g EMLA cream,
Lower volume tube - vein collapse,
Don't leave child unattended,
Venous or capillary,
Assistant needed

Question 7

Affects of aging - impact on phlebotomy procedure

Accepted Answer

Skin-difficult to anchor veins = fragile,
Hearing-difficulty answering questions and hearing instructions,
Visual-light intolerance, large print needed, need assistance ,
Mental impairment-slower reaction, dementia;
Mobility restrictions-need help

Question 8

Complications regarding an elderly patient taking Warfarin and needing blood collection

Accepted Answer

Veins rolling because of loose skin,
Fragile veins that break easily, resulting in bleeding,
Excessive bleeding

Question 9

Tourniquet application on the elderly

Accepted Answer

Not too tight - skin may become pinched in buckle because skin is more loose- Can damage the skin.
May make the veins collapse if applied too tightly.
If too tight - Can cause hematoma formation once needle inserted
Place tourniquet over a thin sleeve

Question 10

Loose skin of the elderly patient make it hard to

Accepted Answer

Anchor veins

Question 11

What sounds may an elderly patient battle to hear?

Accepted Answer

Ch,
z,
sh

Question 12

What difficulty do the skin changes in the elderly pose for the phlebotomist?

Accepted Answer

Harder to anchor veins

Question 13

How would you communicate with an elderly patient that is hard of hearing?

Accepted Answer

Make eye contact with the patient,
Move closer to the patient,
Speak clearly and slowly,
Do not shout,
Use pen and paper if necessary

Question 14

Reasons for an elderly patient to bleed post venepuncture

Accepted Answer

May be on Warfarin therapy,
May be taking anti-inflammatory for pain,
Patient may have a blood disorder (ITP - Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)

Question 15

Why do the elderly think and react slower?

Accepted Answer

Slower nerve conduction,
Reduced cerebral circulation,
Medications they are taking might be affecting their reaction

Question 16

Name 2 acceptable sites for venipuncture for a baby

Accepted Answer

•	Dorsal area of hand
•	Antecubital fossa

Question 17

Give the correct term for the condition that results from excess blood been drawn from a child/ baby

Accepted Answer

Iatrogenic anaemia

Question 18

Give 2 examples of what additional information needs to be recorded on the request form following pediatric venipuncture

Accepted Answer

•If the child was crying during the procedure ( as this could affect certain analytes)
•If the blood sample is capillary blood or venous blood if micro-tainers were used

Question 19

Name the “wear and tear” arthritis that occurs with aging

Accepted Answer

Osteoarthritis

Question 20

When applying a tourniquet on the elderly, do we apply it tighter or less tight than on a young patient

Accepted Answer

Less tight

Question 21

Explain 2 special precautions you would take when applying a tourniquet on the elderly

Accepted Answer

•	Place tourniquet over a thin sleeve
•	Must not be too tight to damage the patients skin
•	If too tight may cause vein to collapse or split
•	If too tight may cause hematoma formation once needle is inserted

Question 22

Name one effect that the disease Parkinson’s disease

Accepted Answer

•	tremors

Question	Answer
How can you ease the pain of blood collection from children?	Using EMLA cream, Oral sucrose, Pacifiers
What is the recommended percentage of a child's blood volume that can be safely removed at one time?	3%
What is the recommended percentage of a child's blood volume that can be safely removed durin a months time	10%
How can a phleb earn the trust of a parent?	Answer all questions asked, Show confidence in what you are doing, Warm and friendly professional manner
How would you gain a childs trust?	Approach the child slowly and smile, Lower yourself to the child's level, Make friends with the child, e.g. tell them they are wearing a nice shirt, Explain the procedure to the child in a way they can understand, Answer questions honestly
Special considerations when drawing blood from a child	Veins smaller, Blood volume of is less = draw ↓ blood, Win trust of parents and child, Child needs restrained, Pain intervention e.g EMLA cream, Lower volume tube - vein collapse, Don't leave child unattended, Venous or capillary, Assistant needed
Affects of aging - impact on phlebotomy procedure	Skin-difficult to anchor veins = fragile, Hearing-difficulty answering questions and hearing instructions, Visual-light intolerance, large print needed, need assistance , Mental impairment-slower reaction, dementia; Mobility restrictions-need help
Complications regarding an elderly patient taking Warfarin and needing blood collection	Veins rolling because of loose skin, Fragile veins that break easily, resulting in bleeding, Excessive bleeding
Tourniquet application on the elderly	Not too tight - skin may become pinched in buckle because skin is more loose- Can damage the skin. May make the veins collapse if applied too tightly. If too tight - Can cause hematoma formation once needle inserted Place tourniquet over a thin sleeve
Loose skin of the elderly patient make it hard to	Anchor veins
What sounds may an elderly patient battle to hear?	Ch, z, sh
What difficulty do the skin changes in the elderly pose for the phlebotomist?	Harder to anchor veins
How would you communicate with an elderly patient that is hard of hearing?	Make eye contact with the patient, Move closer to the patient, Speak clearly and slowly, Do not shout, Use pen and paper if necessary
Reasons for an elderly patient to bleed post venepuncture	May be on Warfarin therapy, May be taking anti-inflammatory for pain, Patient may have a blood disorder (ITP - Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)
Why do the elderly think and react slower?	Slower nerve conduction, Reduced cerebral circulation, Medications they are taking might be affecting their reaction
Name 2 acceptable sites for venipuncture for a baby	• Dorsal area of hand • Antecubital fossa
Give the correct term for the condition that results from excess blood been drawn from a child/ baby	Iatrogenic anaemia
Give 2 examples of what additional information needs to be recorded on the request form following pediatric venipuncture	•If the child was crying during the procedure ( as this could affect certain analytes) •If the blood sample is capillary blood or venous blood if micro-tainers were used
Name the “wear and tear” arthritis that occurs with aging	Osteoarthritis
When applying a tourniquet on the elderly, do we apply it tighter or less tight than on a young patient	Less tight
Explain 2 special precautions you would take when applying a tourniquet on the elderly	• Place tourniquet over a thin sleeve • Must not be too tight to damage the patients skin • If too tight may cause vein to collapse or split • If too tight may cause hematoma formation once needle is inserted
Name one effect that the disease Parkinson’s disease	• tremors

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Paediatric&Geriatric