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Transportation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1916 | First time that the federal government provided assistance for state highway costs. Required each state to create a DOT - gave state ability to construct roads w/ federal review-and-approve role when federal funds were involved |
| Federal Highway Act of 1921 | Provided a multiyear plan of federal funding. This federal-state partnership supported by a multi-year authorization bill and annual appropriations are essential to a continuous Federal-aid Highway Program that has endured to this day. |
| Lincoln Highway | First national coast-to-coast Highway Present day Route US-30. Was a part of a larger system of Ânamed highways which formed the basis for the numbered route system we have today |
| Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1934 | A provision of this law said that states may use up to 1.5% of a highway projectâs federal construction funds for planning. |
| Federal Highway Act of 1956 | This was the nationâs largest public works project up to that time- created interstate highway system to connect all 50 state capitals and most cities of 50,000+ |
| Federal Highway Act of 1962 | Required states to use 1.5% of federal Highway construction funds for planning in urbanized areas of over 50,000 people, which fostered regional planning in these areas. Required the use of the 3-C (comprehensive, coordinated, and continuing) |
| What are the steps used to estimate a regionâs future travel demands? | Trip Generation, Trip Distribution, Modal Split, Supply Analysis (looks at and costs-out alternatives), and Traffic Assignment Models |
| Which Federal Highway Act showed a new concern for environmental and social issues? | The Federal Highway Act of 1973 Created Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) - policy bodies for transportation planning in metro areas. Created Transportation Improvement Programs (TIPs) and Transportation System Management (TSM) |
| Transportation System Management (TSM) | Attempts to match areaâs travel demands to its infrastructure by extracting more efficiency and effectiveness from existing highway and transit systems. TSM measures include HOV lanes, park and ride facilities, and metered lights on freeway ramps |
| Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) | ISTEA required MPOs and state DOTs to create ongoing series of 3-year TIPs Required MPOs and state DOTs to create a 20 year Long Range PlanÂÂ which TIPs were based Created the Surface Transportation Program, $24 billion in flex funds for highway alts. |
| Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 | Required USDOT to restrict transportation funds to non-attainment air quality control regions. MPOs & state DOTs in these regions had to submit TIP w/ measures to reduce auto emissions. ISTEA provided a âcarrotâÂ, $6 billion for congestion mitigatio |
| Transportation Equity Act for the Twenty-First Century (TEA-21) | Cont. ISTEA TIPs to be regional, based on demographics, coordinated w/ local & regional growth planning, environmentally conscious, public involvement Access to Jobs Program- increase transit to suburbs 54% decrease in highway construction fund |
| SAFETEA-LU (2005) | Largest Surface Transportation allocation in US history to date Created Highway Safety Improvement Program for w/ infrastructure repair Fed-funded highways to âroad-pricingâ combat congestion Encouraged public-private partnerships |
| What was the first turnpike in the US? | Lancaster Pike, built in 1793 Connected Phili and Lancaster |
| Which city built the first US subway? | Boston, 1897 |
| Pennsylvania Turnpike | First limited-access high-speed roadway |
| Peak demand remediation methods | Redirect peak demands Expand capacities via transit, TSM, and new construction Increase vehicle occupancy rates |
| Paratransit | Includes private-public carpooling and subscription bus/taxi services |
| Pedestrian facts | More feet on the sidewalk the better the system is functioning Walkways should be at least 4 feet wide, preferably 5 feet |
| What are the 5 functional classifications of open space? | 1. Areas used for managed resource production 2. To maintain environmental and ecological balances 3. Protect public health and safety 4. Community development and social welfare 5. Areas used to shape the urban form |
| What is the typical standard distance pedestrians will walk to reach transit? | 1/2 mile |
| What does MAP-21 stand for? | Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century. |
| How do you calculate an impact fee? | The impact fee should be based on a rational nexus between the need for upgrades and the impact of development, therefore the fee should be based on projected number of trips/land use. |
| What is the first step in a conventional four-step transportation forecasting process? | Trip Generation. Followed by distribution, mode choice, and route assignment |
Created by:
Aileencg