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Why were the early months of World War II referred to as the “phony war”?
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Why was Egypt of strategic importance in World War II?
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Chapter 32
World War II
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why were the early months of World War II referred to as the “phony war”? | The French and British had mobilized their armies and stationed their troops along the Maginot Line. The Allies then moved eastward toward the enemy while the enemy moved back from their Siegfried Line. |
| Why was Egypt of strategic importance in World War II? | Egypt is home to the Suez Canal, the direct sea connection between Europe and Asia which made it important in WW2. |
| Why did President Franklin Roosevelt want to offer help to the Allies? | President Franklin Roosevelt didn’t want to be pulled into the war. If he offered help to the Allies and they had a defeat the US wouldn’t be pulled into the war. |
| What do you think is meant by the statement that Winston Churchill possibly was Britain’s most powerful weapon against Hitler’s Germany? | They would have lost to the Germans, but his policies and strength helped Britain (wanted to take Japan head on). |
| What factors do you think a country’s leaders consider when deciding whether to surrender or fight? | Some of the factors that a country’s leader would consider is what could happen after they surrender, economics, if there were any promises or restrictions, and if there are any advantages. |
| How were Napoleon’s invasion of Russia and Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union similar? | Hitler and Napoleon believed that they had all the power and that they could make life better for their countries while they ruled. Both underestimated the army and country they were facing. |
| Why did Hitler believe that Jews and other “subhumans” had to be exterminated? | Hitler believed that Jews were causing all of the problems. They believed that anyone that did not have German blood you would tamper with the bloodline. If you were “subhuman” that means you were not German. They were creating illness and disease. |
| What did Germans build to carry this out? | Germans had built extermination camps. Jews would be selected to either die or work long hours in harsh conditions. |
| Where were extermination camps located? | One of the locations was Auschwitz, this was the largest extermination camp. Other were all around Poland. |
| How did extermination camps work? | They would also starve them to death and do experiments on them until they were done with you; you would be killed afterwards. Jews were dying every single day. |
| What brought about the Japanese surrender? | The atomic bomb caused the Japanese surrender. |
| Where were the atomic bombs dropped? | They dropped the first atomic bomb in Hiroshima, between 70,000 and 80,000 people died in the attack. 3 days later the second bomb was dropped in Nagasaki. 70,000 people were killed immediately and radiation killed more. |
| What were the social, political, and economic situations in Europe in the years immediately following World War II? | There were more than 40 million dead, cities were destroyed, difficult to find food, unemployment, etc. |
| How did Hitler violate the Versailles Treaty? | He re-militarized Germany. He invaded the Rhineland which was demilitarized by the terms of the Treaty. He stopped paying war reparations ordered by the Treaty. He also invaded Czechoslovakia and Austria. Also, he aided Spain. |
| What caused World War II? | Germany invading Poland. |
| How did the civilians join the war effort? | They mobilized to total war—factories produced war equipment. This resulted in a shortage of consumer goods. The Americans produced the weapons and equipment that would help win the war. People also bought war bonds and stamps. |
| What was Kristallnacht and how did it demonstrate Nazi persecution of the Jews? | Kristallnacht means "Night of Broken Glass". Nazi's persecuted Jews because they attack Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues. This was all because of a Jew killing a German diplomat living in Paris. |
| What was the Holocaust and how could it occur? | Holocaust—a mass slaughter of Jews and other "inferior" races carried out by the Nazis. Hitler gained support for this idea by blaming Jews for their country's defeat in WWI and the troubles after it, so the Germans went along with Hitler. |
| What was blitzkrieg and why was it significant? | "Lightning war"—a form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast-moving airplanes are followed by massive attacks with infantry and forces. This is significant because this strategy worked for the Germans. |
| What did Stalin want Churchill and Roosevelt do to help him with the Germans? | Stalin wanted them to open a second front in the west to split the Germans' strength by forcing them to fight on two regions instead of one. |
| What were the Nuremberg Trials about and what were the results? | A series of court proceedings held in Nuremberg, Germany, in which Nazi leaders were tried for aggression, violations of the rules of war, and crimes against humanity. The results were that many Nazi leaders were charged with these crimes. |
| How were islands chosen for MacArthur's plan of "island hopping"? | The islands that were chosen were ones that were not well defended but closer to Japan. |
| What was the Allies' plan for defeating the Germans? | To force Germany to battle on both the east and west front. (they wanted to surround Germany) |
| What lesson was learned from the Battle of Britain? | That Hitler's attacks could be blocked. |
| What was the significance of the Atlantic Charter both during and after the war? | During the war it let people trade without tariffs and other restrictions. After the war Douglas MacArthur used it as a way to democratize Japan, making it a constitutional monarchy. |
| How did president Truman decide to drop the bomb? | He thought it would bring the war to the quickest possible end. He warned Japan that if they didn't surrender, they were going to get bombed. With no response from the Japanese, they got bombed at Nagasaki and Hiroshima. Truman wanted to avoid casualties. |
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