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Pathology Final
Radiography Pathology Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Study of diseases that can cause abnormalities in the structure or function of various organ systems. | Pathology |
| Pattern of the body's response to some form of injury that causes a deviation from or variation of normal conditions | Disease |
| Initial response of the body tissues to local injury | Inflammation |
| Accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces or body cavities | Edema |
| A solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues. | Hematoma |
| Interference of bloody supply to an organ; deprives cells and tissues of oxygen and nutrients | Ischemia |
| Obstruction of the blood supply to an organ or region of tissue, typically by a thrombus or embolus, causing local death of the tissue. | Infarction |
| ET tube placement | |
| Line placement | |
| Hereditary disease characterized by the secretion of excessively viscous mucus by all the exocrine glands; caused by a defective gene in the middle of chromosome 7 | Cystic Fibrosis |
| Viral infection of young children that produces inflammatory obstructive swelling localized to the subglottic portion of the trachea; barking cough | Croup |
| Inflammation of the lung that can be caused by bacteria and viruses. | Pneumonia |
| List the different types of pneumonia | Alveolar, bronchopneumonia, interstitial, and aspiration pneumonia |
| Alveolar pneumonia | |
| bronchopneumonia | |
| interstitial pneumonia | |
| aspiration pneumonia | |
| COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) | |
| A crippling and debilitation condition in which obstructive and destructive changes in small airways lead to a dramatic increase in the volume of air in the lungs. | emphysema |
| Widespread narrowing of airways due to irritation/stimuli; very common | asthma |
| primary lung cancer | |
| primary metastasis | |
| pulmonary emboli | |
| Atelectasis | |
| pneumothorax | |
| pleural effusion | |
| The hallmark of pulmonary overinflation in cases of emphysema is: | flattened diaphragms |
| The lung disease that is highly volatile microbe because of its ease of transmission and high fatality rate is: | antrhax |
| How is active immunity obtained artificially? | by vaccination |
| The newborn who experiences underaeration of the lungs resulting from a lack of surfactant has: | hyaline membrane disease |
| What are 2 characteristics of malignant tumors? | referred to as cancers and ability to metastisize |
| The general term used to describe obstruction of the airways leading to an ineffective exchange of respiratory gases is: | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| T/F Unless the radiographer has access to previous images with recorded exposure factors, a standard technique chart should be used to determine the initial exposures | True |
| A crippling and debilitating condition resulting from trapped air causing a loss of elasticity in the alveoli is called: | emphysema |
| Thin-walled sac where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood in the pulmonary circulatory system is: | alveolus |
| What disease would be classified as a destructive disease? | Osteoperosis |
| T/F When imaging a patient with a destructive disease, the exposure factors should be decreased? | true |
| Infected fluid in the pleural cavity is | empyema |
| More than 95% of pulmonary emboli arise from thrombi that develope in the _____ of the lower extremities because of venous stasis. | deep venous system |
| A disease in which the underlying cause is unknown refers to: | idiopathic |
| Air in the cavity surrounding the lung is known as: | pneumothorax |
| What result can occur when an endotracheal tube is positioned too low? | left lung atalectasis |
| Necrotic area containing purulent material is known as: | lung abcess |
| An endotracheal tube tip should ideally be located where? | 5-7 cm above the carina |
| A reduction in the size or number of cells in an organism or tissue, with a corresponding decreases in function, defines: | atrophy |
| T/F Addictive diseases are those that absorb more x-rays than normal tissues. | True |
| The hollow tubelike structure within the diaphysis is the: | medullary cavity |
| Telescoping of a distal portion of bowel (large or small) into a proximal segment is termed: | intussusception |
| Inherited disorder of connective tissue characterized by multiple fractures is | osteogenesis imperfecta |
| An insufficient mineralization of the adult skeleton appearing as a loss of bone density is | osteomalacia |
| A fracture resulting from a weakness in the bone caused by a tumor or infection is known as what type of fracture? | pathologic |
| Protrusion of the stomach through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm defines | hiatal hernia |
| The most common form of dwarfism caused by decreased enchondral bone formation is | achondroplasia |
| Forward displacement of one vertebra on the other resulting in back pain caused by cleft in the pars interarticularis is | spondylolisthesis |
| A vertebra with characteristics of more than one major division of the spine is called: | transitional vertebra |
| The most common form of degenerative arthritis that has ostephyte development is | osteoarthritis |
| Discontinuity of two or more fragments is considered | complete fracture |
| Disorder that begins as a bone abscess that travels through the medullary cavity and outward to lift the periosteum is known as | osteomyelitis |
| In Paget's disease the beginning phase involves bone | destruction |
| Most common initial site of Paget's disease is the | pelvis |
| The fluid-filled sac located near joints becomes inflamed, which results in | bursitis |
| Most common cause of esophagitis? | GERD |
Created by:
Kdobson